{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T03:21:21Z","timestamp":1781580081335,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738713600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"BRC"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013963","name":"University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000855","name":"University of Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"NIHR","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare chronic disease that presents challenges to both patients and clinicians. This study aimed to explore the experiences of patients with PSC regarding their disease and healthcare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A series of semi-structured interviews was completed with patients with PSC, including questioning their experiences of living with PSC and its related healthcare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were recruited from communities in England, Scotland and Wales, with advertisement via PSC Support (UK disease-specific charity support group).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>18 patients aged between 21 and 72 years were interviewed; 10 were male (56%), and all were of Caucasian ethnicity. Inclusion criteria were as follows: adults, self-identifying as having a diagnosis of PSC, and currently under National Health Service treatment for this disease. Patients with a history of liver transplantation were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants confirmed the ongoing physical and psychological burden of PSC and its related healthcare. Living with PSC was described as a journey; the timeline of events was important to patients, with particular challenges identified along the way. These included difficulties in obtaining a diagnosis and accessing timely and knowledgeable medical care. Overcoming the unusual combination of uncertainties that PSC presents was of particular concern to participants; these differ from those observed in more common chronic diseases with established treatment pathways. Hidden complexities within chronic illness behaviour in PSC were described, including a noteworthy fragile doctor\u2212patient relationship and dependence on the specialist. These produce additional challenges for the optimal clinical management of such patients by generalists and specialists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study complements the existing literature on the ongoing high burden of PSC, with added value from in-depth discussions with patients themselves. Priorities for further work have been identified, including the need for improved risk stratification tools to allow individualised management and prognostication, as well as improving access to knowledgeable care while maintaining a strong doctor\u2013patient relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-082498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T05:30:21Z","timestamp":1738819821000},"page":"e082498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["What are the lived healthcare experiences of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis? A community-based qualitative interview study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5049-8893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Arndtz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Liver Research, NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Autoimmune and Rare Liver Disease Programme, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1183-5386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gideon","family":"Hirschfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Autoimmune and Rare Liver Disease Programme, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayne","family":"Parry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8796-4114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila","family":"Greenfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-317993"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15471"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2023.102251","article-title":"Clinical factors associated with illness perception, worry and mental health in sclerosing cholangitis: A single centre prospective study","volume":"48","author":"Nayagam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s41687-022-00484-5","article-title":"Quality of life (QoL) for people with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC): a pragmatic strategy for identifying relevant QoL issues for rare disease","volume":"6","author":"Marcus","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Patient Rep Outcomes"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-4013-1"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02645-2","article-title":"Understanding illness experiences of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a qualitative analysis within the SOMA.LIV study","volume":"23","author":"Loesken","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.7","unstructured":"Kelly SE . Qualitative interviewing techniques and styles. In: Bourgeault I , R. D , Vries R , eds. The SAGE handbook of qualitative methods in health research. London: SAGE, 2018."},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.8","unstructured":"University of Birmingham Code of Conduct for research, Available: https:\/\/www.birmingham.ac.uk\/Documents\/university\/legal\/research.pdf"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boejie H . A purposeful approach to the constant comparative method in the analysis of qualitative interviews. Springer, 2002.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020909529486"},{"key":"2025120520595187000_15.2.e082498.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pescosolido B . Patient trajectories. the wiley blackwell encyclopedia of health, illness, behaviour & society. 2013. 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