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Most successful clinical trials have used relatively high (\u2265300\u2009mg) oral doses of CBD. Relatively few studies have investigated the efficacy of lower (&lt;300\u2009mg) oral doses, typical of those available in over-the-counter CBD products.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present a protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial investigating the effects of a low oral dose (150\u2009mg) of CBD on acute psychosocial stress, situational anxiety, motion sickness and cybersickness in healthy individuals. Participants (n=74) will receive 150\u2009mg of CBD or a matched placebo 90\u2009min before completing three virtual reality (VR) challenges (tasks) designed to induce transient stress and motion sickness: (a) a 15 min \u2018Public Speaking\u2019 task; (b) a 5 min \u2018Walk the Plank\u2019 task (above a sheer drop); and (c) a 5 min \u2018Rollercoaster Ride\u2019 task. The primary outcomes will be self-reported stress and nausea measured on 100\u2009mm Visual Analogue Scales. Secondary outcomes will include salivary cortisol concentrations, skin conductance, heart rate and vomiting episodes (if any). Statistical analyses will test the hypothesis that CBD reduces nausea and attenuates subjective, endocrine and physiological responses to stress compared with placebo. This study will indicate whether low-dose oral CBD has positive effects in reducing acute psychosocial stress, situational anxiety, motion sickness and cybersickness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee has granted approval (2023\/307, version 1.6, 16 February 2024). Study findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and at academic conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000872639).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-082927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:17:27Z","timestamp":1711412247000},"page":"e082927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of cannabidiol on psychosocial stress, situational anxiety and nausea in a virtual reality environment: a protocol for a single-centre randomised clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2346-7557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeeta","family":"Bawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"McCartney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Bedoya-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Namson S","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yellow Dog Man Studios s.r.o, Ostrava-jih-Z\u00e1b\u0159eh, Czechia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamish","family":"MacDougall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RPA Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9307-7159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iain S","family":"McGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121403105255000_14.3.e082927.1","unstructured":"Kotsirilos V , McGregor IS . 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