{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T10:37:03Z","timestamp":1765881423273,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Centre","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People with mustard gas lung disease experience cough, sputum, breathlessness and exercise limitation. We hypothesised that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) would be beneficial in this condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An assessor-blind, two-armed, parallel-design randomised controlled clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary care clinics in Iran.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>60 men with breathlessness due to respiratory disease caused by documented mustard gas exposure, mean (SD) age 52.7 (4.36) years, MRC dyspnoea score 3.5 (0.7), St. George\u2019s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) 72.3 (15.2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were allocated either to a 6-week course of thrice-weekly PR (n=31) or to usual care (n=29), with 6-week data for 28 and 26, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary endpoint was change in cycle endurance time at 70% baseline exercise capacity at 6\u2009weeks. Secondary endpoints included 6\u2009min walk distance, quadriceps strength and bulk, body composition and health status. For logistical reasons, blood tests that had been originally planned were not performed and 12-month follow-up was available for only a small proportion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At 6\u2009weeks, cycle endurance time increased from 377 (140) s to 787 (343) s with PR vs 495 (171) s to 479 (159) s for usual care, effect size +383 (231) s (p&lt;0.001). PR also improved 6\u2009min walk distance+103.2\u2009m (63.6\u2013142.9) (p&lt;0.001), MRC dyspnoea score \u22120.36 (\u22120.65 to \u22120.07) (p=0.016) and quality of life; SGRQ \u22128.43 (\u221213.38 to \u22123.48)\u2009p&lt;0.001, as well as quadriceps strength+9.28\u2009Nm (1.89 to 16.66) p=0.015.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These data suggest that PR can improve exercise capacity and quality of life in people with breathlessness due to mustard gas lung disease and support the wider provision of this form of care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IRCT2016051127848N1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T23:05:11Z","timestamp":1716937511000},"page":"e083085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pulmonary rehabilitation in Iranian outpatients with mustard gas lung disease: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Ghanei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9614-3580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keir E J","family":"Philip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed R S","family":"Moghadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery, Lung Clinic Hemer, Hemer, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2368-6749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trial Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliakbar","family":"Babaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Roustanezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3235-0454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas S","family":"Hopkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121602330556000_14.5.e083085.1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Epidemiological study of human costs resulting from Iraq\u2019s chemical warfare against Iran","volume":"7","author":"Taebi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran J War Public Health"},{"key":"2025121602330556000_14.5.e083085.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.734"},{"key":"2025121602330556000_14.5.e083085.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370601174990"},{"key":"2025121602330556000_14.5.e083085.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000094993.20914.d1"},{"key":"2025121602330556000_14.5.e083085.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S101459","article-title":"Depression symptoms reduce physical activity in COPD patients: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"11","author":"Due\u00f1as-Esp\u00edn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"2025121602330556000_14.5.e083085.6","unstructured":"Abbasi S , Mehdizadeh S , Moqaddam M . 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