{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T22:49:37Z","timestamp":1765493377340,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719878400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Victorian Government Operational Infrastructure Fund","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]},{"name":"National Health and Medical Reseach Council","award":["GNT1188026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1188026"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite universal access to government-funded direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in 2016, the rate of hepatitis C treatment uptake in Australia has declined substantially. Most hepatitis C is related to injecting drug use; reducing the hepatitis C burden among people who inject drugs (PWID) is, therefore, paramount to reach hepatitis C elimination targets. Increasing DAA uptake by PWID is important for interrupting transmission and reducing incidence, as well as reducing morbidity and mortality and improving quality of life of PWID and meeting Australia\u2019s hepatitis C elimination targets.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cluster randomised cross-over trial will be conducted with three intervention arms and a control arm. Arm A will receive rapid hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody testing; arm B will receive rapid HCV antibody and rapid RNA testing; arm C will receive rapid HCV antibody testing and same-day treatment initiation for HCV antibody-positive participants; the control arm will receive standard of care. The primary outcomes will be (a) the proportion of participants with HCV commencing treatment and (b) the proportion of participants with HCV achieving cure. Analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis with mixed-effects logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study has been approved by the Alfred Ethics Committee (number HREC\/64731\/Alfred-2020-217547). Each participant will provide written informed consent. Reportable adverse events will be reported to the reviewing ethics committee. The findings will be presented at scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                     <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT05016609\">NCT05016609<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial progression<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study commenced recruitment on 9 March 2022 and is expected to complete recruitment in December 2024.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T00:42:12Z","timestamp":1719967332000},"page":"e083502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Same-visit hepatitis C testing and treatment to accelerate cure among people who inject drugs (the QuickStart Study): a cluster randomised cross-over trial protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct05016609","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7198-0833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph S","family":"Doyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imogen","family":"Elsum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caitlin","family":"Douglass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Wade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8940-0136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Kasza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Allardice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Von Bibra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kico","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Camesella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodney","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mellissa","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander J","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine at St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark A","family":"Stoov\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas L","family":"Snelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Spelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqui","family":"Richmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Andric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HepatitisWA, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul M","family":"Dietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Population Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Higgs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Sacks\u2010Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew B","family":"Forbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret E","family":"Hellard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Population Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1998-5722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alisa E","family":"Pedrana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Population Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Hepatitis C: fact sheet 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-c [Accessed 23 Jun 2022]."},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.2","unstructured":"Burnet Institute . Australia\u2019s progress towards hepatitis C elimination: annual report 2021, 2021. Available: https:\/\/burnet.edu.au\/system\/asset\/file\/5001\/BurnetKirby-hepC-2021-report.pdf"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.3","unstructured":"Grove A . The pharmaceutical benefits scheme: a quick guide 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.aph.gov.au\/About_Parliament\/Parliamentary_Departments\/Parliamentary_Library\/pubs\/rp\/rp1516\/Quick_Guides\/PBS [Accessed 15 Dec 2022]."},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32051-7"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1813728","article-title":"Universal medicine access through lump-sum remuneration - Australia\u2019s approach to hepatitis C","volume":"380","author":"Moon","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.6","unstructured":"Kirby Institute . HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia: annual surveillance report 2018. Sydney, Australia, 2018."},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-311504"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12338"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2022.103655","article-title":"Hepatitis C incidence among patients attending primary care health services that specialise in the care of people who inject drugs","volume":"103","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.07.006"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13223"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2015.1012195","article-title":"HCV treatment experience: patients\u2019 perceptions of the facilitators of and barriers to uptake, adherence and compeletion","volume":"30","author":"Sublette","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychology & Health"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.12560","article-title":"Limited provision of diagnostic services to Victorians living with HCV antibodies, 2001-2012: a multi-level modelling analysis","volume":"41","author":"Snow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.05910.x"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13723","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions on hepatitis C testing in Australian primary care services providing care for people who inject drugs","volume":"29","author":"Traeger","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15210"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.04.001","article-title":"Conceptualising access in the direct-acting antiviral era: an integrated framework to inform research and practice in HCV care for people who inject drugs","volume":"72","author":"H\u00f8j","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13259","article-title":"Enablers and barriers for the provision of community-based HCV treatment: a case study of a real-world practice","volume":"27","author":"Pourmarzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13087","article-title":"Community-based, point-of-care hepatitis C testing: perspectives and preferences of people who inject drugs","volume":"26","author":"Latham","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.5694\/mja16.00106","article-title":"Australian recommendations for the management of hepatitis C virus infection: a consensus statement","volume":"204","author":"Thompson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.05.022","article-title":"Estimating the Cascade of hepatitis C testing, care and treatment among people who inject drugs in Australia","volume":"47","author":"Iversen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.22","unstructured":"The Kirby Institute . Australian NSP survey National data report 2016-2020. 2021."},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0121450","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care tests for hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Khuroo","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(17)30075-4","article-title":"Evaluation of the Xpert HCV viral load point-of-care assay from venepuncture-collected and finger-stick capillary whole-blood samples: a cohort study","volume":"2","author":"Grebely","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.05.012","article-title":"Point-of-care hepatitis C testing from needle and syringe programs: an Australian feasibility study","volume":"72","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.26","article-title":"Successful integration of hepatitis C virus point-of-care tests into the Denver Metro health clinic","volume":"2013","author":"Jewett","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS Res Treat"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihy096","article-title":"From risk to care: the hepatitis C screening and diagnostic cascade in a primary health care clinic in Karachi, Pakistan-a cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Khalid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv162","article-title":"Simultaneous human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis B-hepatitis C point-of-care tests improve outcomes in linkage-to-care: results of a randomized control trial in persons without healthcare coverage","volume":"2","author":"Bottero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13664","article-title":"The impact of point-of-care hepatitis C testing in needle and syringe exchange programs on linkage to care and treatment uptake among people who inject drugs: an Australian pilot study","volume":"29","author":"Howell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-014-9932-9","article-title":"Strategies for hepatitis C testing and linkage to care for vulnerable populations: point-of-care and standard HCV testing in a mobile medical clinic","volume":"39","author":"Morano","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13268","article-title":"A same day \u2018test and treat\u2019 model for chronic HCV and HBV infection: results from two community-based pilot studies in Egypt","volume":"27","author":"Shiha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac225","article-title":"Rapid treatment initiation for hepatitis C in young people who inject drugs: the seek, test, and rapid treatment randomized trial","volume":"9","author":"Eckhardt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27366"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.34","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Periodic presumptive treatment for sexually trasmitted infections. 2008."},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.35","unstructured":"Therapeutic Goods Administration . Australian public assessment report for: Sofosbuvir\/Velaptasvir. 2017."},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.36","unstructured":"The shiny CRT Calculator: power Amd sample size for cluster randomised trials. Available: https:\/\/clusterrcts.shinyapps.io\/rshinyapp\/ [Accessed 5 Mar 2022]."},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz237"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e5661","article-title":"Consort 2010 statement: extension to cluster randomised trials","volume":"345","author":"Campbell","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7137"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2533558"},{"key":"2025101812153292000_14.7.e083502.41","unstructured":"International Committee of Medical Journal Editors . Defining the role of authors and contributors. 2019."}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083502","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T19:15:43Z","timestamp":1760814943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083502"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083502"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083502","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2044-6055"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2044-6055"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}}}