{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T06:24:03Z","timestamp":1778394243885,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]],"date-time":"2024-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725062400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) is characterised by recurrent, sudden episodes of impulsive aggression that are disproportionate to the provocation. The condition\u2019s management remains challenging due to the variability in treatment efficacy and the absence of Food and Drug Administration-approved interventions specifically for IED. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of existing treatments for IED.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in November 2023, yielding 17 randomised controlled trials after screening and eligibility assessments. Studies were included based on participants\u2019 confirmed diagnosis of IED, sufficient statistical power and provision of data for effect size calculation. Interventions analysed included pharmacological treatments, psychotherapies and combination therapies, with an emphasis on cognitive\u2013behavioural therapy and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given that our study is a synthesis of published data, ethical approval from a research ethics committee is not required. Nevertheless, the methodology of this review was designed to ensure full transparency and accountability. All efforts have been made to respect the confidentiality and intellectual property rights of the original data sources. Any ethical issues encountered during the data collection process were addressed in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. As this research involves the analysis of existing published data, there are no direct safety concerns related to patient interactions. Our primary focus has been on ensuring the secure handling and processing of data to uphold the ethical standards set by previous original studies. To ensure the findings of our meta-analysis reach both the academic community and the public effectively, we aim to submit our findings to peer-reviewed journals within the fields of psychology to ensure rigorous review and broad academic dissemination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPEO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42024497587.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-083896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]],"date-time":"2024-12-07T00:30:19Z","timestamp":1733531419000},"page":"e083896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Psychological and pharmacological treatments of intermittent explosive disorder: a meta-analysis protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7913-8964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Psychology, The University of Edinburgh School of Health in Social Science, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoshan","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Psychology, The University of Edinburgh School of Health in Social Science, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796020000517","article-title":"Intermittent explosive disorder subtypes in the general population: association with comorbidity, impairment and suicidality","volume":"29","author":"Scott","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Washington, DC, 2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04150"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.03.077"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.5","unstructured":"Gangopadhyay M . DSM-5-TR\u00ae self-exam questions: test questions for the diagnostic criteria. Arlington, TX: American Psychiatric Association Publishing, 2022."},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.6.669"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i17.2420","article-title":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbidity: a review of literature","volume":"7","author":"Gnanavel","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.08.012","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidity in intermittent explosive disorder","volume":"118","author":"Coccaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.11.008"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2016.06.006","article-title":"The neuroscience of emotion regulation development: implications for education","volume":"10","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10610-007-9054-3","article-title":"Preventing aggressive and violent behavior: using prevention programs to study the role of peer dynamics in maladjustment problems","volume":"13","author":"van Lier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Crim Policy Res"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-020-01181-4"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.13","article-title":"Antiepileptics for aggression and associated impulsivity","volume":"2010","author":"Huband","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2017-2262","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioral group therapy for intermittent explosive disorder: description and preliminary analysis","volume":"40","author":"Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Braz J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200216080-00002"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6171.2004.tb00003.x"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.5.876"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.18","unstructured":"Chand SP , Kuckel DP , Huecker MR . Cognitive behavior therapy. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024."},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.012021"},{"key":"2025121410052726000_14.8.e083896.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scott JG , Mihalopoulos C , Erskine HE , et al . Childhood mental and developmental disorders. In: Patel V , Chisholm D , Dua T , et al ., eds. Disease control priorities, third edition (Volume 4): mental, neurological, and substance use disorders. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications, 2016: 145\u201361.","DOI":"10.1596\/978-1-4648-0426-7_ch8"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-083896","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T18:05:36Z","timestamp":1765735536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-083896"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-083896"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-083896","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}}}