{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:37:51Z","timestamp":1787017071736,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732665600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leukaemias and lymphomas are among the most prevalent and significant cancers in Australasia and Oceania. This study aims to examine the burden of leukaemias\/lymphomas and its temporal trend in Australasia and Oceania from 2010 to 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epidemiological study<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 were used to examine the burden of leukaemia\/lymphoma key subtypes (acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), Hodgkin-lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma (NHL)) by sex and 5\u2009year age groups (from &lt;5 years to 85 years+), in terms of incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths. Estimated average percentage changes were calculated to assess the temporal trends of leukaemia\/lymphoma burden (incidence\/prevalence\/DALYs\/deaths) from 2010 to 2019 in Australasia and Oceania.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AML and NHL were the leading causes of leukaemia\/lymphoma burden in both regions. Age-standardised rates (ASRs) for AML versus NHL in Australasia were: incidence 4.72 versus 19.06, DALYs 89.01 versus 161.68 and deaths 4.15 versus 8.02 per 100 000 population. ASRs for AML versus NHL in Oceania were: incidence 1.36 versus 1.08, DALYs 49.16 versus 38.30 and deaths 0.91 versus 0.98 per 100 000 population. From 2010 to 2019, Australasia observed an increasing trend in incidence\/prevalence\/deaths across most leukaemias\/lymphomas and increasing\/stable trend in DALYs for AML\/CLL\/NHL, while Oceania observed increasing trends in incidence\/prevalence\/DALYs for CLL\/NHL and stable trends in all outcomes (except for prevalence (stable)) for AML. Contrasting mortality trends for ALL\/CML\/HL were observed between the two regions (increasing\/stable in Australasia and decreasing in Oceania). Statistically significant differences were observed in disease burden trends between sexes, with males experiencing a greater increase (or smaller decrease) in the burden for AML in both regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Different temporal trends in leukaemia\/lymphoma burden observed in two closely situated geographic regions with different sociodemographic indices highlight the necessity for region-specific intervention strategies to enhance the access to innovative disease treatments, reducing leukaemia\/lymphoma burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-084943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T04:35:24Z","timestamp":1732768524000},"page":"e084943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Temporal changes in the burden of leukaemia and lymphoma in the Australasia and Oceania regions, 2010\u20132019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5535-2352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thi Quynh Anh","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin Health Economics, Deakin University School of Health and Social Development, Burwood, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7059-1959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9734-1140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin Health Economics, Deakin University School of Health and Social Development, Burwood, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-023-00853-3","article-title":"Global burden of hematologic malignancies and evolution patterns over the past 30 years","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.6987"},{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)30925-9"},{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01438-6","article-title":"The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010\u201319: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"400","author":"Tran","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-021-00973-6","article-title":"The global burden and attributable risk factors of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"21","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Online"},{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.6","first-page":"99","article-title":"Cancer Mortality in the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands, 2008-2013","volume":"79","author":"Van Dyne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hawaii J Health Soc Welf"},{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.7","first-page":"99","article-title":"Cancer epidemiology in the pacific islands - past, present and future","volume":"11","author":"Moore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"2025101813475510000_14.11.e084943.8","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare . 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