{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T02:41:25Z","timestamp":1777344085632,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719014400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"BMJ APC WAIVER","award":["00869589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00869589"]}]},{"name":"The African Union Commission (AU), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia through the Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences (including Health and Agriculture)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) regions have the highest burden of cervical cancer (CC), accounting for nearly a quarter of global mortality. Many women in SSA are reluctant to access CC screening because they are uncomfortable exposing their private parts to healthcare providers. The perception of women who have experienced self-sampling in SSA is yet to be reviewed. This scoping review will explore the literature on the perception and attitude of women towards methods of collecting cervicovaginal samples for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in SSA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An extensive search using the Arksey and O\u2019Malley framework will be conducted. The search criteria will be limited to original research conducted in community or clinical settings in SSA within the last 10 years. Four databases, namely, PUBMED, Cochrane, African Journals Online and Google Scholar, will be searched. Two independent persons (UIAB and DOO) will screen the titles and abstracts and later full texts using population, intervention, comparison and outcome criteria. IOMB will serve as a tiebreaker whenever there is no agreement on the choice of eligibility criteria. The screening process will be presented using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for the scoping review flow format. The descriptive analysis of eligible studies for scoping reviews will be summarised. We will describe themes of attitude and perception covering pain, embarrassment, privacy and comfortability, willingness to self-sample, anxiety and confidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a scoping review protocol and does not require ethical approval. Findings from this review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, the production of policy briefs, and presentations at local and international conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-085408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]],"date-time":"2024-06-23T10:46:00Z","timestamp":1719139560000},"page":"e085408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Scoping review protocol on the perception and attitude of women on methods for collecting cervicovaginal samples for human papillomavirus testing in sub-Saharan Africa"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9397-3933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uduak Ima","family":"Andrew-Bassey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute (including Health and Agriculture), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria"},{"name":"Centre for Medical Informatics and Professional Development, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah Olamiposi","family":"Oke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics,College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria"},{"name":"HPV Research Consortium, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Okunlola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7448-4824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imran O","family":"Morhason-Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HPV Research Consortium, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines6030061","article-title":"Prevention of Cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: the advantages and challenges of HPV vaccination","volume":"6","author":"Black","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00023","article-title":"How the Cervical Microbiota contributes to Cervical cancer risk in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"10","author":"Klein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30482-6"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2021.03.006","article-title":"Reflection: burden of Cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa and progress with HPV vaccination","volume":"71","author":"Ngcobo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2018.01.014","article-title":"Population risk factors for late-stage presentation of Cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"53","author":"Stewart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiology"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.7","article-title":"Public health approach in the elimination and control of Cervical cancer: A review","volume":"15","author":"Jallah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention strategies and early diagnosis of Cervical cancer: Current state and prospects","volume":"13","author":"Kakotkin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.9","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global strategy to accelerate the elimination of Cervical cancer as a public health problem and its associated goals and targets for the period 2020 \u2013 2030. 2020. 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Women's uncertainties over the reliability of the method are barriers to acceptance. 2013."},{"key":"2025120518100216000_14.6.e085408.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-019-0778-2","article-title":"Perspectives of women participating in a Cervical cancer screening campaign with community-based HPV self-sampling in rural Western Kenya: A qualitative study","volume":"19","author":"Oketch","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-085408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T02:10:13Z","timestamp":1764987013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-085408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-085408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-085408","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}}}