{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T10:51:55Z","timestamp":1774954315855,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme","award":["17\/30\/02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/30\/02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore trial participants\u2019 experience of long-term catheters (LTC), the acceptability of washout policies, their experience of the CATHETER II trial (a randomised controlled trial comparing the clinical effectiveness of various washout policies versus no washout policy in preventing catheter associated complications in adults living with long-term catheters) and their satisfaction with the outcomes. The objectives of the healthcare professionals (HCPs) focus group and interview were to explore their attitudes towards weekly prophylactic catheter washout, views on the provision of training and participants\u2019 ability to enact washout behaviours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A longitudinal qualitative study embedded within the CATHETER II randomised controlled trial, which included semi-structured interviews and focus groups with participants from multiple trial sites. Data were analysed using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability and Theoretical Domains Framework. This UK community-based study included 50 (24 female, 26 male) CATHETER II trial participants, aged between 23 and 100 years, with LTC and able to self-manage the washout and study documentation either independently or with the help of a carer. Seven HCPs (five female, two male) also participated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participants had positive attitudes towards weekly prophylactic saline or acidic catheter washouts and other trial elements, such as washout training, catheter calendar and monthly phone calls. Participants and HCPs found the \u2018ask\u2019 of the CATHETER II trial and the weekly self-administered prophylactic washout policies to be feasible. The participants reported that the catheter washout training provided during the trial enhanced their self-efficacy, skills and self-reported capability to carry out the washouts. Participants reported having positive outcomes from the weekly washout. These included reduced blockage, pain or infection, reduced need for HCP support and greater psychological reassurance. HCPs attested to the participants\u2019 understanding of and adherence to the weekly washouts and other elements of the trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows acceptability, feasibility and self-reported fidelity of the CATHETER II trial on a behavioural level. Self-management for prophylactic catheter washouts is both feasible and, following training, achievable without any need for additional support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"isrctn\" xlink:href=\"ISRCTN17116445\">ISRCTN17116445<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-087206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T21:43:06Z","timestamp":1744062186000},"page":"e087206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Patient and healthcare professionals\u2019 perception of weekly prophylactic catheter washout in adults living with long-term catheters: qualitative study of the CATHETER II trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn17116445","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1280-1406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheela","family":"Tripathee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdel-Fattah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aberdeen Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Institute for Applied Health Sciences, 2nd Floor, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0479-1228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9646-3904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lynda","family":"Constable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, 3rd Floor, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seonaidh","family":"Cotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Aberdeen, 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