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For this analysis, in-depth phone interviews assessed demand for APS and factors influencing decisions to participate in APS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were recruited from eight healthcare facilities and (for APS stakeholders) from affiliated healthcare institutions in western Kenya (Kisumu and Homabay). Interviews were conducted by phone in 2019 and 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>67 participants were interviewed: 14 APS providers, 16 female index clients, 17 male sexual partners and 20 community members. Participants were recruited using criteria-based purposive sampling to represent different types of facilities and to include indexes who named different numbers of partners and stakeholders representing all Kenyan healthcare system levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, participants perceived that demand and uptake of APS could be impacted by multiple stigmas related to HIV, sexual behaviours and identities; long clinical wait times; certain gender norms and expectations; and fear of relationship dissolution, loss of financial support and intimate partner violence. However, different stakeholder groups generally focused on different factors; women focused more on gender dynamics and family roles; male sexual partners on stigma and structural barriers; HTS providers focused on HIV testing accessibility; and community-level stakeholders focused on low community awareness of APS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stigma reduction, awareness about APS, creation of male entry points at the facility level and provision of social support mechanisms have the potential to increase demand for APS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-088436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]],"date-time":"2025-03-16T09:15:18Z","timestamp":1742116518000},"page":"e088436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors influencing community demand for assisted partner services for HIV in western Kenya: a multilevel qualitative analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mercy","family":"Owuor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CFK Africa, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Wamuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harison","family":"Lagat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PATH - Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Kariithi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PATH - Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7279-3626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brienna","family":"Naughton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1181-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanley","family":"Kingston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health Genetics, University of Washington - Seattle Campus, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Mugambi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rose","family":"Bosire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Masyuko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Kenya Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carey","family":"Farquhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6996-9480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan J","family":"Weiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Services and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121401283516000_15.3.e088436.1","unstructured":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS) . 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