{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T10:47:43Z","timestamp":1785926863767,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To assess the evidence for active group-based performing arts interventions for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Scholarly literature (published in English) from any country or countries (last search February 2025). This systematic review was not registered and received no funding.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Five bibliographic databases: AMED (Ebsco), APA PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL (Ebsco), EMBASE (Ovid) and MEDLINE (Ovid), plus supplementary searches.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Eligible studies used a quantitative design to assess the benefit of active group-based performing arts interventions on quality of life, functional communication, speech, motor function and cognitive status in PD. The risk of bias was assessed using the SURE, University of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklists. Data were synthesised using narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 94 studies were included: 2453 people with PD (mean age 68 years, 55% male) from 18 countries. Narrative synthesis supported nine combinations of performing arts modalities and outcome domains, including a benefit for dance on motor function (supported by 50 out of 54 studies), dance on quality of life (supported by 24 out of 37 studies) and singing on speech (supported by 17 out of 20 studies). Meta-analysis supported five combinations of performing art modalities, comparators and outcomes, including a clinically significant benefit for PD-specific dance versus usual care PDQ-39, MD \u22127.81, 95%\u2009CI \u221211.87 to \u22123.75 and tango-based dance versus usual care on UPDRS-III, MD \u22129.89, 95%\u2009CI \u221216.65 to \u22123.13.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Evidence from both the narrative synthesis and the meta-analysis supports a benefit for some combinations of performing arts modalities and outcomes. Limitations of the evidence base included differences in comparators and outcomes, heterogeneity, lack of control arms and male underrepresentation. Future studies should compare the effectiveness of different performing arts modalities, assess functional communication and consider clinical significance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-089920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T20:40:27Z","timestamp":1744231227000},"page":"e089920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Active group-based performing arts interventions in Parkinson\u2019s disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0139-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxwell S","family":"Barnish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), University of Exeter, Exeter, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Scholar, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca V","family":"Nelson-Horne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Scholar, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025070104211629000_15.4.e089920.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.776847","article-title":"Global Trends in the Incidence, Prevalence, and Years Lived With Disability of Parkinson\u2019s Disease in 204 Countries\/Territories From 1990 to 2019","volume":"9","author":"Ou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2025070104211629000_15.4.e089920.2","article-title":"Clinical Features of Parkinson\u2019s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms","volume":"9","author":"V\u00e1radi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biology (Basel)"},{"key":"2025070104211629000_15.4.e089920.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13549"},{"key":"2025070104211629000_15.4.e089920.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02933-4","article-title":"Caregiver burden in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a mixed-methods study","volume":"21","author":"Geerlings","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2025070104211629000_15.4.e089920.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-020-01938-3","article-title":"A systematic review of active group-based dance, singing, music therapy and theatrical interventions for quality of life, functional communication, speech, motor function and cognitive status in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Barnish","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"2025070104211629000_15.4.e089920.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27216"},{"key":"2025070104211629000_15.4.e089920.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCarthy K , Ondaatje E , Zakaras L , et al . 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