{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T08:37:12Z","timestamp":1794472632166,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739923200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this European survey was to describe current preprocedural planning, procedure techniques and post-implantation management of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective survey regarding current practice for LAAC between March and August 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>357 participating European LAAC centres in 14 countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2022, the participating centres performed a total number of 9447 LAAC procedures, with a mean of 26 LAAC cases per centre (median 20; IQR 10\u201335). Preprocedure planning was performed with transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) in 63% of centres, cardiac CT in 16%, or both in 21%. LAAC procedures were performed under general anaesthesia (59%), conscious sedation (36%) or with local anaesthesia only (5%). Device implantation was guided by conventional TOE (94%), intracardiac echocardiography (6%), miniaturised TOE probes (4%) or CT\/fluoroscopy fusion (2%). The standard post-procedural antithrombotic regimen was dual antiplatelet therapy (73%), followed by single antiplatelet therapy (18%), conventional dose direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) (7%) or half dose DOAC (1%), and no antithrombotic treatment (1%). There was a large heterogeneity between regions in terms of procedure volumes, hospital organisation, preprocedural planning, as well as procedural techniques and post-procedure management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present survey indicates that LAAC has become a widespread procedure in Europe. The findings highlight considerable heterogeneity among European countries in terms of preprocedural planning, procedural techniques including guidance and the post-procedural antithrombotic regimen. There is a need to evaluate the outcomes of different practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-090541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T20:05:37Z","timestamp":1739995537000},"page":"e090541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Contemporary European practice in left atrial appendage closure: results from a survey focusing on planning, techniques and post-implantation management"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04226547","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04394546","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct03568890","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct04502017","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8960-7006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Garot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Institut Cardiovasculaire Paris Sud (ICPS), H\u00f4pital Priv\u00e9 Jacques Cartier, Ramsay-Sant\u00e9, Massy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens-Erik","family":"Nielsen-Kudsk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Aarhus Universitetshospital Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Freixa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Institut Clinic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Berti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Fondazione CNR Regione Toscana, Massa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Wunderlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Cruz-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenz","family":"R\u00e4ber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bern University Hospital Clinic for Dermatology, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adel","family":"Aminian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Charleroi, Charleroi, Hainaut, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9674-0278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ole","family":"De Backer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120618125070000_15.2.e090541.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.04.025"},{"key":"2025120618125070000_15.2.e090541.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.067"},{"key":"2025120618125070000_15.2.e090541.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2022.02.009","article-title":"Clinical Outcomes at 1 Year Following Transcatheter Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in the United States","volume":"15","author":"Price","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2025120618125070000_15.2.e090541.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2021.08.067","article-title":"Learning Curve and Outcomes of Left Atrial Appendage Closure","volume":"14","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2025120618125070000_15.2.e090541.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.08.017","article-title":"2023 ACC\/AHA\/ACCP\/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"83","author":"Joglar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2025120618125070000_15.2.e090541.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hindricks G , Potpara T , Dagres N , et al . 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