{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:05:42Z","timestamp":1782187542281,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"United Kingdom\u2019s Department of Health NIHR University College"},{"name":"London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centres"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hypersexuality involves an inability to control intense, recurring sexual impulses, resulting in repetitive sexual behaviours. It frequently manifests in patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and dementia. Using a qualitative approach, this study aims to explore the impact of hypersexuality on spousal carers of patients with PD and dementia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Qualitative study using semistructured interviews and thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study was conducted in secondary care settings, including movement disorder and dementia clinics, as well as through patient support organisations. Participants were recruited from multiple centres across the UK. Interviews were conducted in a clinical research setting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eight spousal carers (five caring for patients with PD, three for patients with dementia) participated in the study. Participants were selected based on their role as primary carers and their experience managing hypersexuality in their partners.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The thematic analysis identified 12 themes: manifestations, sexual practices, impact, control, emotional formulations, beliefs in causes of hypersexuality and attributions, relationship with the partner, dealing with hypersexuality, coping with hypersexuality, self-image, stigma and professional help-seeking. Hypersexuality altered patients\u2019 sexual cognitions and behaviours, causing distress and strain on carers\u2019 mental health and marital life. Carers struggled to cope with their partners\u2019 hypersexuality, facing emotional burden and barriers to seeking professional help.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hypersexuality significantly impacts spousal carers of patients with PD and dementia, affecting their emotional well-being and relationships. Healthcare professionals should recognise and address hypersexuality\u2019s psychological and relational consequences. Psychoeducation, support groups and tailored interventions for patients and carers are recommended to alleviate emotional distress. Future research should explore the broader familial impact of hypersexuality and develop effective management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-090870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T23:25:51Z","timestamp":1744327551000},"page":"e090870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of hypersexuality on spousal carers of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and frontotemporal dementia: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9023-2191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Tayim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program of Clinical Psychology, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, Doha, Ad-Dawhah, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jalesh","family":"Panicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Uro-Neurology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5083-2823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Selai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Uro-Neurology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4890-0222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walaa G","family":"El Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.1","unstructured":"WHO . International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 2019."},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2002051","article-title":"Hypersexuality in neurological diseases: do we see only the tip of the iceberg?","volume":"20","author":"Latella","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Integr Neurosci"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.635494","article-title":"Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-016-0425-2","article-title":"Treatment of Inappropriate Sexual Behavior in Dementia","volume":"18","author":"De Giorgi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-016-0427-0","article-title":"Treatment Options for Urogenital Dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"18","author":"Batla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26099","article-title":"Management of impulse control disorders in Parkinson\u2019s disease: Controversies and future approaches","volume":"30","author":"Samuel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010419-050754"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.8","first-page":"438","article-title":"Caregiver burden: A concept analysis","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2015.10.016","article-title":"Family caregivers of patients with frontotemporal dementia: An integrative review","volume":"55","author":"Caceres","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13868","article-title":"Contributory Factors to Caregiver Burden in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"10","author":"Soares","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988719856688","article-title":"The Role of Sexual Disinhibition to Predict Caregiver Burden and Desire to Institutionalize Among Family Dementia Caregivers","volume":"33","author":"Chapman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjment-2024-300998","article-title":"Hypersexuality in neurological disorders: A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Tayim","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Ment Health"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-79966-z","article-title":"A qualitative study exploring the clinical phenomenology and impact of hypersexuality in patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"14","author":"Tayim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000172593.20181.14","article-title":"Qualitative Methods in Public Health: A Field Guide for Applied Research","volume":"37","author":"Ulin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exercise"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.15","first-page":"1408","article-title":"Are We There Yet? Data Saturation in Qualitative Research","volume":"20","author":"Fusch","year":"2015","journal-title":"TQR"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12155","article-title":"Hypersexuality in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Systematic Review and Report of 7 New Cases","volume":"2","author":"Codling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13366","article-title":"Diagnosis of hypersexual or compulsive sexual behavior can be made using ICD-10 and DSM-5 despite rejection of this diagnosis by the American Psychiatric Association","volume":"111","author":"Krueger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22505"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21872"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.23","unstructured":"Knox D , Schacht C . Choices in relationships: an introduction to marriage and the family (25th edn). Boston, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning. xxvi, 2016:563."},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285613495723"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afr078"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2011.10.005"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2007.07.012","article-title":"Psychosocial issues in young-onset Parkinson\u2019s disease: current research and challenges","volume":"14","author":"Calne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.28","first-page":"434","article-title":"Approach of the sexuality of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients according to caregivers\u2019 guides approach","volume":"13","author":"Ostrowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lerman SF . Wellbeing of spouses of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease exhibiting impulse control disorders, in 19th World Congress on Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Related Disorders, Parkinsonism and Related Disorders: Shanghai, China. 2012. doi:10.1016\/S1353-8020(11)70212-7","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8020(11)70212-7"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.30","unstructured":"Praver FC . Married to a Sex Addict, 2011. Available: https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/blog\/love-doc\/201112\/married-sex-addict"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.31","unstructured":"Wadleigh T . Sexual Addiction: Helping Spouses\/Partners, 2017. Available: http:\/\/www.healingvistas.com\/SexualAddictionHelpingSpousesPartners.en.html"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2013.820731"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2524.2005.00566.x"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22571"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.06.006"},{"key":"2025072504450614000_15.4.e090870.36","first-page":"608","article-title":"Al-Anon. A resource for families and friends of alcoholics","volume":"110","author":"Kverme","year":"1990","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-090870","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T11:45:18Z","timestamp":1753443918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-090870"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-090870"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-090870","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}}}