{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:51:05Z","timestamp":1780602665339,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009128","name":"Research for Patient Benefit Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR204886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR204886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009128","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Transition of care for a patient between hospital and home can cause disruption to normal routines, increasing the risk of medicines-related harm. The transition from hospital to home is more complex when a patient does not self-manage their medicines but relies on an informal or unpaid carer (eg, spouse, family member or friend) to provide support. Given the day-to-day medicines-related support provided by informal carers, there is a need to understand how informal carers manage the transition of care from hospital to home; what aspects of hospital discharge act as barriers and facilitators to their involvement and when, how and why these impact patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A realist review will be undertaken to develop a programme theory. The programme theory will theorise which medicines-related interventions are useful to carers, and how they are useful. It will outline what aspects of those interventions are the most useful and why, and how context influences engagement and medicine-related outcomes. The review will be reported in line with the Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards guidelines. Data will be selected, screened and extracted based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria and relevance to the developing programme theory with the involvement of at least two authors acting independently. Inclusion criteria relate to the relevance to hospital discharge where patients move back to their home, where a carer is involved and where interventions relate to medicines use. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, CINAHL (via EBSCOhost) and EMBASE databases (see supplementary materials for a draft search strategy).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Patients and public, participation, involvement and engagement (PPIE) will be incorporated into all stages of the review through iterative engagement and discussion with patient, carers and representatives from carer organisations. The review will follow four steps: (1) development of the initial programme theory, (2) evidence search, (3) selection, extracting, and organising data and (4) synthesising evidence and drawing conclusions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Informal carer involvement in transitions of care is a complex and varied phenomena. The programme theory will be shaped by sustained PPIE reflecting the priorities and experiences of lived experience. The realist review be progressively focused so we can develop a better understanding of carer involvement in patient transitions when moving from hospital to home relating to medicines use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ethical approval is not required. The findings of the review will be disseminated via journal articles and through patient and public facing resources such as a visual patient\u2013public-carer focused summary.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CRD42021262827.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-091005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T14:49:09Z","timestamp":1726152549000},"page":"e091005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Informal carer involvement in the transition of medicines-related care for patients moving from hospital to home: a realist review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle Patient Safety Research Collaboration, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7553-6922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Atkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Lindsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle Patient Safety Research Collaboration, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3168-5386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamde","family":"Nazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle Patient Safety Research Collaboration, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoff","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4656-6021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmel","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2195-4279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte L","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle Patient Safety Research Collaboration, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101811005850000_14.9.e091005.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2020.103279","article-title":"Medication transitions: Vulnerable periods of change in need of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"90","author":"Holden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"2025101811005850000_14.9.e091005.2","unstructured":"World Health Organisation . 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