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This study implemented an economic evaluation to assess the screening plus receiving anti-osteoporotic medication for low bone mass prevention in older men with excessive alcohol intake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A patient-level Markov model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chinese men aged over 60 years with excessive alcohol consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Receiving screening plus medication considered with two eligibility strategies for therapy: osteoporosis and osteopenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), lifetime cost and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated for different strategies relative to no screening. Scenario analyses were conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness associated with risk factors, study perspectives and selection of medication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From the healthcare perspective, the prevention strategies for men aged over 70 years were cost-effective with the ICER of $28 403\/QALY for osteoporosis and $24 560\/QALY for osteopenia. Scenario analyses revealed screening strategies were cost-effective in men with risk factors aged over 60 years. In the selection of medication, denosumab might be dominant. From the societal perspective, prevention for osteopenia aged from 60 years was cost-effective at the ICER of $36 524\/QALY.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that prevention strategies for Chinese older men with excessive alcohol consumption would be cost-effective. Early screening initiation will aid efforts in improving skeletal health for men with excessive alcohol intake in China and reducing humanistic and economic burdens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-095486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T13:10:40Z","timestamp":1769519440000},"page":"e095486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cost-effectiveness analysis of low bone mass prevention in Chinese older men with excessive alcohol consumption: a modelling study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xihan","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Union Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0114-0905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Union Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Union Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Moriwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Health Policy and Management, Department of Biomedical Science, Ritsumeikan University College of Life Sciences, Kusatsu, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3057-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruxu","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College Union Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.1","first-page":"1671","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary osteoporosis (2022)","volume":"26","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chinese General Practice"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.21106","article-title":"Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Fracture in China: The China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870905","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.870905","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Low Bone Mineral Density From 1990 to 2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"13","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003180","article-title":"Incidence of and trends in hip fracture among adults in urban China: A nationwide retrospective cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2023.03.008","article-title":"Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Fractures: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies","volume":"14","author":"Ke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-017-2585-y"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2022.03.025"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-021-00369-8","article-title":"Relationships between consumption patterns, health beliefs, and subjective wellbeing in Chinese Baijiu consumers","volume":"16","author":"Metcalf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy"},{"key":"2026012705101449000_16.1.e095486.9","unstructured":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention . 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