{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T18:40:06Z","timestamp":1765824006927,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]],"date-time":"2025-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752364800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023\/17806-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\/17806-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22\/01769-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22\/01769-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Instituto Todos pela Sa\u00fade","award":["C1721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C1721"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC) may include pulmonary sequelae, fatigue and other symptoms, but its mechanisms are not fully elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the correlation between fatigue and the presence of pulmonary abnormalities in PCC patients with respiratory involvement 6\u201312 months after hospitalisation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A tertiary hospital in Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>315 patients, aged \u226518 years, were considered eligible based on SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pulmonary function tests (PFT), cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET), chest CT and hand grip were performed. The following scales were applied: Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) scale, Euroqol 5 Dimensions quality of life (EQ-5D) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants were divided between the fatigue group (FACIT-F\u226430) and the non-fatigue group (FACIT-F&gt;30). For the statistical analysis, the primary outcome was the difference in the diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) between groups. Considered secondary outcomes were differences in PFT, CPET, chest CT, hand grip, EQ-5D and HADS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fatigue group had 81 patients (25.7%) against 234 (74.3%). PFT and CPET showed no significant difference in DLCO and oxygen consumption peak values between groups. The fatigue group had a lower workload (mean 55.3\u00b121.3 watts vs 66.5\u00b123.2 watts, p=0.003), higher breathing reserve (median 41.9% (33.8\u201352.5) vs 37.7% (28.9\u201347.1), p=0.028) and lower prevalence of ground glass opacity (60.8% vs 77.7%, p=0.003) and reticulation (36.7% vs 54.9%, p=0.005) in chest CT. The fatigue group had higher anxiety (57% vs 24%, p&lt;0.001), depression (50.6% vs 13.6%, p&lt;0.001), lower health-related quality of life (median 50 (32\u201363) vs 80 (61.3\u201388.3), p&lt;0.001) and lower hand grip strength (median 15.8 (6\u201321) kgf vs 21 (12.1\u201330) kgf, p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fatigue in patients with PCC 6\u201312 months after hospitalisation is relatively common and had weak correlation with pulmonary disorders. Our results suggested fatigue could be strongly related with peripheral disorders such as reduced musculoskeletal strength or psychosocial limitations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-097338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T03:45:32Z","timestamp":1752464732000},"page":"e097338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Correlation between fatigue and pulmonary involvement in the post-COVID-19 condition: a cross-sectional study 6\u201312 months after hospital discharge"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mateus Satoru","family":"Kajiwara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Divis\u00e3o de Pneumologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celina Almeida","family":"Lamas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Divis\u00e3o de Pneumologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis Augusto Visani de","family":"Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Divis\u00e3o de Pneumologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thais Suemi","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Divis\u00e3o de Pneumologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1991-1571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Rizzi","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Divis\u00e3o de Pneumologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Caruso","family":"Chate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Radiologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcio Valente Yamada","family":"Sawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Radiologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Legal Medicine, Bioethics, Occupational Medicine and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1618-8509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Divis\u00e3o de Pneumologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Marcos","family":"Salge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Divis\u00e3o de Pneumologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121510355526000_15.7.e097338.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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