{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T14:59:54Z","timestamp":1767193194664,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755993600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remain the most affected by HIV\/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) due to their biological and social vulnerabilities. Female condoms were introduced in the \u201890s to empower women to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs), notably HIV infections. Despite its empowering potential with the scale-up of prevention efforts such as pre-exposure prophylaxis, the female condom has experienced a steady decline, particularly among AGYW. In this protocol, we outline the steps for conducting a scoping review aimed at exploring and mapping the literature on female condom availability and consistency in use for the prevention of HIV\/STI infections among AGYW in SSA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology guidelines, alongside the Arksey and O\u2019Malley framework, will be used in conducting the review. Relevant literature will be searched from PUBMED\/Medline, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing, Google Scholar, grey reports and conference proceedings. Two reviewers will independently assess the identified literature for eligibility using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data from eligible studies published in English and French, between July 2004 and 2024, will be extracted using an Excel form. Extracted data will be summarised, detailing the nature of existing evidence and investigating female condom availability and consistent use factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The scoping review will entail synthesising information from already published articles, conference proceedings and grey sources and will not require ethical approval. The findings from this study will be disseminated through publications in scientific journals and presented at conferences and workshops.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-099359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T01:45:33Z","timestamp":1756086333000},"page":"e099359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Female condom use among adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review protocol investigating availability and consistent use factors"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9014-7382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bih","family":"Moki-Suh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferdinand C","family":"Mukumbang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wiyeh B","family":"Alison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2022.08.009","article-title":"HIV and adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa: A call for expedited action to reduce new infections","volume":"5","author":"Murewanhema","year":"2022","journal-title":"IJID Reg"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.2","unstructured":"2021 UNAIDS global AIDS update \u2014 confronting inequalities \u2014 lessons for pandemic responses from 40 years of AIDS. UNAIDS. Available: https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/resources\/documents\/2021\/2021-global-aids-update [Accessed 7 Apr 2024]."},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/3612004"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.4","unstructured":"Female condom. AVERT. Available: https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20131228152904\/http:\/www.avert.org\/female-condom.htm [Accessed 7 Apr 2024]."},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.5","unstructured":"HIV & AIDS Information . Female condom choices are expanding \u2013 new models have low failure rates and are acceptable to users. 2013. Available: https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20131112065728\/http:\/\/www.aidsmap.com\/Female-condom-choices-are-expanding-new-models-have-low-failure-rates-and-are-acceptable-to-users\/page\/2776932\/ [Accessed 7 Apr 2024]."},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ikuteyijo OO , Akinyemi AI , Ikuteyijo LO , et al . Sexual negotiation and power imbalance influencing intimate partner violence among adolescent girls and young women in Nigerian urban slums. In Review [Preprint] 2024. doi:10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3873502\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3873502\/v1"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22315-0","article-title":"Breaking barriers: predictors of condom use negotiation among adolescent girls and young women in Mozambique","volume":"25","author":"Baruwa","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03935-8","article-title":"\u201cMen Rule\u2026 this is the Normal Thing. We Normalise it and it\u2019s Wrong\u201d: Gendered Power in Decision-Making Around Sex and Condom Use in Heterosexual Relationships Amongst Adolescents and Young People in South Africa","volume":"27","author":"Duby","year":"2023","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1057\/sth.2014.14","article-title":"Poverty and HIV\/AIDS in Africa: Specifying the connections","volume":"13","author":"Mufune","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Theory Health"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236984","article-title":"Lessons from the evaluation of the South African National Female Condom Programme","volume":"15","author":"Beksinska","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1363\/42e0216","article-title":"Understanding Female Condom Use and Negotiation Among Young Women in Cape Town, South Africa","volume":"42","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(03)02178-5"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.13","unstructured":"Condom promotion and distribution to prevent hiv\/aids. GiveWell. Available: https:\/\/www.givewell.org\/international\/technical\/programs\/condom-distribution [Accessed 13 Jun 2024]."},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-569","article-title":"Acceptability of condom promotion and distribution among 10-19 year-old adolescents in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural districts, Tanzania","volume":"12","author":"Exavery","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002922","article-title":"Exploring HIV risk perception mechanisms among youth in a test-and-treat trial in Kenya and Uganda","volume":"4","author":"Owino","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25512","article-title":"Condom use among young women who sell sex in Zimbabwe: a prevention cascade analysis to identify gaps in HIV prevention programming","volume":"23 Suppl 3","author":"Chabata","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-020-01785-w","article-title":"Protection at First Sexual Intercourse Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Kenya","volume":"50","author":"Casmir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2008.20.2.121","article-title":"Female condom uptake and acceptability in Zimbabwe","volume":"20","author":"Napierala","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7184.167135","article-title":"Condoms: Past, present, and future","volume":"36","author":"Marfatia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1080\/19317611.2019.1643813","article-title":"Addressing Female Condom Use among Women in South Africa: A Review of the Literature","volume":"31","author":"Haffejee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Sex Health"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-010-0319-7"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.22","unstructured":"Condom distribution structural intervention | prevent | effective interventions | HIV\/AIDS. CDC; 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/effective-interventions\/prevent\/condom-distribution-programs\/index.html [Accessed 21 Apr 2024]."},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.019992"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.24","unstructured":"Developing effective condom programmes. Available: https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/sites\/default\/files\/pub-pdf\/UNFPA_UNAIDS_TechBrief.pdf [Accessed 21 Apr 2024]."},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJC.S55041","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, practices and behaviors associated with female condoms in developing countries: a scoping review","volume":"6","author":"Moore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Access J Contracept"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5334\/aogh.3612","article-title":"Barriers and Facilitators to Acceptability of the Female Condom in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review","volume":"88","author":"Fasehun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Glob Health"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00570","article-title":"Methodological quality, guidance, and tools in scoping reviews: a scoping review protocol","volume":"20","author":"Pollock","year":"2022","journal-title":"JBI Evid Synth"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-5-69"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7647","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation","volume":"350","author":"Shamseer","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025123106473937000_15.8.e099359.31","unstructured":"October 2020 - volume 18 - issue 10. 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