{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T16:45:37Z","timestamp":1782492337811,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore how Chinese patients with precancerous ear, nose and throat (ENT) lesions experience using artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots for health-related information seeking, with particular attention to perceived benefits, challenges and influences on information-seeking practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive qualitative study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Department of Otolaryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>12 adult patients with clinically diagnosed precancerous ENT lesions who had used AI-driven chatbots at least three times in the previous 30 days to seek health-related information about their condition were purposively recruited. Face-to-face, semistructured interviews were conducted between 11 October 2024 and 10 November 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interviews were analysed using Colaizzi\u2019s method. Four themes were identified. First, participants described AI chatbots as an immediate and accessible source of health information, particularly when questions arose outside clinical encounters or during periods of uncertainty. Second, many reported moving away from conventional search engines towards conversational information seeking, valuing direct and synthesised responses over link-based retrieval. Third, participants emphasised that obtaining useful answers depended on learning to ask clear and specific questions, suggesting that effective prompting was an important user skill. Fourth, some participants perceived chatbot interaction as emotionally safer than asking healthcare professionals certain questions, particularly when they felt embarrassed, worried about asking repetitive questions or feared being judged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among this sample of Chinese patients with precancerous ENT lesions, AI-driven chatbots were perceived as a convenient and conversational supplementary source of health information. Participants valued their accessibility and interactional ease, but also indicated that their usefulness depended partly on users\u2019 ability to formulate effective prompts. Some participants additionally perceived chatbots as a more comfortable channel for asking sensitive or basic questions. The findings suggest that AI chatbots may have a complementary role in patient information support, but further research is needed to evaluate response accuracy, safety and appropriate integration into clinician-led care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T15:25:11Z","timestamp":1778599511000},"page":"e102637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AI chatbots for health information seeking among Chinese patients with precancerous ENT lesions: a descriptive qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5117-854X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University\/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GuoXin Medical Control Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maojie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xialu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University\/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University\/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University\/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University\/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062608322477000_16.5.e102637.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/68560","article-title":"Online Health Information\u2013Seeking in the Era of Large Language Models: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study","volume":"27","author":"Yun","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2026062608322477000_16.5.e102637.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/47278","article-title":"Patients\u2019 Experiences With Digitalization in the Health Care System: Qualitative Interview 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