{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T06:29:50Z","timestamp":1778135390111,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753574400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute Chair at the University of Toronto"},{"name":"Riverview Health Centre Research Chair in Telerehabilitation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While group, task-oriented, community-based exercise programs (CBEPs) delivered in-person can increase exercise and social participation in people with mobility limitations, challenges with transportation, cost and human resources, threaten sustainability. A virtual delivery model may help overcome challenges with accessing and delivering in-person CBEPs. The study objective is to estimate the short-term effect of an 8-week, virtual, group, task-oriented CBEP called TIME\u2122 (Together in Movement and Exercise) at Home compared with a waitlist control on improving everyday function in community-dwelling adults with mobility limitations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A randomised controlled trial incorporating a type 1 effectiveness-implementation hybrid design is being conducted in four Canadian metropolitan centres. We aim to stratify 200 adults with self-reported mobility limitations by site, participation alone or with a partner, and functional mobility level, and randomise them using REDCap software to either TIME\u2122 at Home or a waitlist control group. During TIME\u2122 at Home classes (2 classes\/week, 1.5 hours\/class), two trained facilitators stream a 1-hour exercise video and facilitate social interaction prevideo and postvideo using Zoom. A registered healthcare professional at each site completes three e-visits to monitor and support implementation. Masked evaluators with physical therapy training evaluate participants and their caregivers at 0, 2 and 5 months using Zoom. The primary outcome is the change in everyday function from 0 to 2 months, measured using the physical scale of the Subjective Index of Physical and Social Outcome. The study is powered to detect an effect size of 0.4, given \u03b1=0.05, power=80% and a 15% attrition rate. Secondary outcomes are mobility, well-being, reliance on walking aids, caregiver assistance, caregiver mood, caregiver confidence in care-recipient balance and cost-effectiveness. A multimethod process evaluation is proposed to increase understanding of implementation fidelity, mechanisms of effect and contextual factors influencing the complex intervention. Qualitative data collection immediately postintervention involves interviewing approximately 16 participants and 4 caregivers from the experimental group, and 8 participants and 4 caregivers from the waitlist control group, and all healthcare professionals, and conducting focus groups with all facilitators to explore experiences during the intervention period. A directed content analysis will be undertaken to help explain the quantitative results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TIME\u2122 at Home has received ethics approval at all sites. Participants provide verbal informed consent. A data safety monitoring board is monitoring adverse events. We will disseminate findings through lay summaries, conference presentations, reports and journal articles.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                     <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT06245135\">NCT06245135<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T10:35:27Z","timestamp":1753698927000},"page":"e102694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Short-term effects of a virtual, community-based, task-oriented group exercise programme incorporating a healthcare\u2013community partnership compared to a waitlist control on increasing everyday function among adults with mobility limitations: protocol for the TIME\u2122 at Home randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06245135","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct05369741","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06245135","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06245135","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6178-0691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy Margaret","family":"Salbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3952-3234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C Allyson","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Barclay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"},{"name":"Riverview Health Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Sveistrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bruy\u00e8re Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5844-0952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Sheehy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bruy\u00e8re Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark T","family":"Bayley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - 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