{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T07:09:24Z","timestamp":1786691364879,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746489600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CHU Saint-Etienne"},{"name":"French Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gait recovery remains one of the most determining factors in social participation for poststroke individuals, in whom ankle dorsiflexor function is closely related to gait speed. Focal muscle vibration has shown promising neurophysiological and clinical effects in neuromotor recovery. However, it remains to be determined whether tibialis anterior focal muscle vibration applied to the paretic limb could improve walking speed when implemented in early rehabilitation after stroke occurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study describes a multicentric randomised controlled trial in which 70 participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the tibialis anterior focal muscle vibration group or the sham group, in addition to their conventional rehabilitation. Participants will receive 100\u2009Hz vibration\/sham for 30\u2009min, five times per week, for 8 weeks. The primary outcome will be gait speed, as assessed through a 10 m walking test and will be compared between groups at the end of the intervention. Secondary outcomes will include gait abilities, neuromuscular clinical evaluations and neurophysiological measures. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and across five visits during and after the intervention, until 16 weeks of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethics approval was obtained from the French Ethics Committee \u2018Protection des Personnes Nord Ouest III\u2019 in 30 May 2023 (IDRCB: 2023-A00489-36). The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT05945212\">NCT05945212<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T07:15:40Z","timestamp":1746602140000},"page":"e102838","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of tibialis anterior focal muscle vibration for gait rehabilitation in hemiplegic individuals during the subacute phase after stroke: the NEUROVIB-AVC study protocol \u2212 a multicentric randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct05945212","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct05945212","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9731-6981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Bessaguet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, CHU de Saint-\u00c9tienne, Jean Monnet University, Saint-\u00c9tienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, CHU de Saint-\u00c9tienne, Jean Monnet University, Saint-\u00c9tienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Malejac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, Jean Monnet University, Saint Priest en Jarez, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emy","family":"Nerriere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, Jean Monnet University, Saint Priest en Jarez, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Velarde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, Jean Monnet University, Saint Priest en Jarez, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Coiffet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, Jean Monnet University, Saint Priest en Jarez, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Rimaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, CHU de Saint-\u00c9tienne, Jean Monnet University, Saint-\u00c9tienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1477-6614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Lapole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon 1, Savoie Mont-Blanc University, Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, Jean Monnet University, Saint Priest en Jarez, France"},{"name":"IUF, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.50.2.177"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968308315997"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185807","article-title":"A structural equation model of the relationship between muscle strength, balance performance, walking endurance and community integration in stroke survivors","volume":"12","author":"Kwong","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017711816"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2014.995231","article-title":"Associations between lower limb strength and gait velocity following stroke: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Mentiplay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1946175"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk6020039","article-title":"Is the Focal Muscle Vibration an Effective Motor Conditioning Intervention? A Systematic Review","volume":"6","author":"Fattorini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Funct Morphol Kinesiol"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1112232","article-title":"Plastic changes induced by muscle focal vibration: A possible mechanism for long-term motor improvements","volume":"17","author":"Filippi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3688-8"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2017-0612"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2010.02.001"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00793.2016"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-013-2651-6"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.20.06390-X"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8270","DOI":"10.3390\/app10228270","article-title":"Focal Muscle Vibration for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review of Vibration Parameters and Protocols","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Sci (Basel)"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215513485100"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968309349940"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2022.101670","article-title":"Focal vibration of the plantarflexor and dorsiflexor muscles improves poststroke spasticity: a randomized single-blind controlled trial","volume":"66","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.20","unstructured":"World Health Organization . International classification of functioning, disability and health: ICF. 2001. Available: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/42407 [Accessed 10 Mar 2025]."},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-198806000-00012"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0b013e318218e2f2"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000035734.61539.F6"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.06.016"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0304"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.495705"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.01.014"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/026921501678310216"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/jrrd.2003.11.0171"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154596802401105171"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90053-9"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11020176","article-title":"Reliability of Tibialis Anterior Muscle Voluntary Activation Using the Interpolated Twitch Technique and the Central Activation Ratio in People with Stroke","volume":"11","author":"Olsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00156","article-title":"Peripheral Electrical Stimulation Paired With Movement-Related Cortical Potentials Improves Isometric Muscle Strength and Voluntary Activation Following Stroke","volume":"14","author":"Olsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01426.2004"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207450390161912"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-022-05119-7"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.08.155"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.12.008","article-title":"Reproducibility of the ABILOCO questionnaire and comparison between self-reported and observed locomotion ability in adult patients with stroke","volume":"90","author":"Caty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026921559701100105"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(96)00274-6"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-004-0734-y"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.06.017"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.04.017"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.banm.2022.02.015","article-title":"R\u00e9adaptation apr\u00e8s accident vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9bral: retour et maintien \u00e0 domicile, vie quotidienne","volume":"206","author":"Daviet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bulletin de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Nationale de M\u00e9decine"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2017.1312570","article-title":"Performance and capacity-based measures of locomotion, compared to impairment-based measures, best predicted participation in individuals with hemiparesis due to stroke","volume":"40","author":"Faria-Fortini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00115","article-title":"Short-Term Effects of Focal Muscle Vibration on Motor Recovery After Acute Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Sham-Controlled Study","volume":"10","author":"Toscano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-079918","article-title":"IMPROVE study protocol, investigating post-stroke local muscle vibrations to promote cerebral plasticity and functional recovery: a single-blind randomised controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Julliand","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025120618420937000_15.5.e102838.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7586","article-title":"SPIRIT 2013 explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials","volume":"346","author":"Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102838","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T02:42:24Z","timestamp":1765075344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102838"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102838"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102838","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}}}