{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:19:50Z","timestamp":1790882390500,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global burden of malnutrition is compounded by the challenges of obesity and sarcopenia, a combination known as sarcopenic obesity. This condition, defined by increased fat mass alongside declining muscle mass and function, poses significant health risks, including metabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular complications. Despite its growing prevalence and clinical importance, significant gaps remain regarding the application of e-health strategies to address sarcopenic obesity. This scoping review aims to map the current evidence on the use of e-health in addressing sarcopenic obesity in adults with overweight or obesity, identify barriers and facilitators to its implementation, and highlight areas for future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The scoping review will be conducted in accordance with established methodological framework by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), employing a comprehensive three-step search strategy across multiple databases and grey literature sources, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus. The inclusion criteria, framed by the Population-Concept-Context (PCC) framework, will focus on studies involving adults with sarcopenic obesity and interventions using e-health approaches in various healthcare contexts. A data extraction form will be used to guide the data extraction. Findings will be synthesised narratively and in tabular form, comprehensively mapping the current evidence and identifying key areas for future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval is not required as the review analyses publicly available data. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international conferences and scientific forums. The review will offer insights into e-health integration in sarcopenic obesity management, informing clinical practice, policy development and interdisciplinary collaboration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This scoping review was registered with the Open Science Framework registry on 17 September 2024 (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/9ND5A\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17605\/OSF.IO\/9ND5A<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-103773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T13:46:28Z","timestamp":1762263988000},"page":"e103773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Role of e-health in addressing sarcopenic obesity: a scoping review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4956-3936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mette","family":"N\u00f8rtoft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hammel Neurorehabilitation and Research Clinic, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, VIA University College, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7702-9202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Signe","family":"Graungaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalborg Universitetshospital, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1554-5970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gideon Onyedikachi","family":"Iheme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Karagianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blodtrycksdoktorn AB, Bredbandet 1, Kalmar, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeka","family":"Bereczky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yazen Health AB Spolegatan 22, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Ellegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9421-3941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Bostr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"R&D Unit, Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120413254602000_15.11.e103773.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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