{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T15:40:02Z","timestamp":1776699602045,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Liaison Committee between the Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology","award":["2021\/928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/928"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the normal heart rate (HR) of healthy newborns \u226535+0 weeks\u2019 gestation in the first 10\u2009min after caesarean delivery (CD) with extrauterine placental transfusion, using dry-electrode ECG (NeoBeat).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single-centre, prospective observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Norwegian County Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Newborns \u226535+0 weeks\u2019 gestation delivered by CD under regional anaesthesia were eligible for inclusion. Newborns delivered by CD under general anaesthesia, or who needed medical intervention, were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NeoBeat was attached to the newborn\u2019s chest immediately following delivery. The placenta was delivered without cord clamping after 60\u201390\u2009s and transferred with the newborn to a resuscitation table. Modified physiology-based cord clamping (PBCC) was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HR was recorded every second for 10 min. HR quartiles were calculated. Events possibly influencing HR were annotated using Liveborn Observation App.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>89 newborns with a mean (SD) gestational age of 39+3 weeks (10 days) and birth weight of 3649 (536) g were included. Median (IQR) HR was 164 (117\u2013176) and 169 (145\u2013186) beats per minute at 20 s and 30\u2009s, respectively, peaking at 169 (152\u2013183) beats per minute at 4\u2009min and then slowly decreasing to 157 (146\u2013167) beats per minute at 10\u2009min. HR was not significantly affected by intact-cord blood sampling (mean difference=5.4 (95%\u2009CI \u22121.4 to 12.1)), placental delivery (mean difference=0.7 (95%\u2009CI \u22123.5 to 4.9)) or cord clamping (mean difference =\u22120.6 (95%\u2009CI \u22122.1 to 0.9)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This report describes, for the first time, HR quartiles for healthy newborns \u226535\n                      <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                      weeks\u2019 gestation from 15 s to 20\u2009s and up to 10\u2009min after CD with extrauterine placental transfusion and PBCC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-104121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T14:45:33Z","timestamp":1776696333000},"page":"e104121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Heart rate trends in healthy newborns \u226535+0 weeks\u2019 gestation after caesarean delivery with extrauterine placental transfusion and physiology-based cord clamping: a Norwegian observational study (INTACT-3)"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8335-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Saether","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, M\u00f8re og Romsdal Hospital Trust, Alesund, Norway"},{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3972-0457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ola","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Malm\u00f6\/Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics\/Neonatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4645-1635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tor \u00c5ge","family":"Myklebust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Registration, Cancer Registry Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Research and Innovation, M\u00f8re og Romsdal Hospital Trust, \u00c5lesund, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9522-2348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stine","family":"Bernitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, \u00d8stfold Hospital Trust, Gr\u00e5lum, Norway"},{"name":"Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3486-2867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solveig","family":"Bjellmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helse M\u00f8re og Romsdal HF, \u00c5lesund, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty Administration, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6146-435X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solhild","family":"Stridsklev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Trondheim, Norway"},{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Olav\u2019s Hospital HF, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1599-6932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beate Horsberg","family":"Eriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Department, M\u00f8re og Romsdal Hospital Trust, \u00c5lesund, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042007450987000_16.4.e104121.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.014"},{"key":"2026042007450987000_16.4.e104121.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.09.015"},{"key":"2026042007450987000_16.4.e104121.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.169102"},{"key":"2026042007450987000_16.4.e104121.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2020-320179"},{"key":"2026042007450987000_16.4.e104121.5","unstructured":"WHO . 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