{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:45:18Z","timestamp":1789623918643,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche France 2030 program","award":["ANR-10-IAHU-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAHU-01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-22-CE36-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-22-CE36-0006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurodevelopmental impairments in congenital heart disease (CHD) are the most frequent long-term morbidity. Adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes may start in the prenatal period. Maternal mental health may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for the optimisation of neurodevelopment in CHD. We propose to assess the impact of prenatal maternal mental health on 1-year neurodevelopmental outcomes in complex CHD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuro-Moms CHD is a national multi-centre, prospective study of prenatal maternal mental health and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with complex CHD who undergo neonatal open-heart surgery. Participants (n=87 mother-child dyads) will be recruited from five major French paediatric cardiology centres (Necker Children\u2019s Hospital in Paris, Bordeaux Cardiology Hospital, Marseille Children\u2019s Hospital, Montpellier University Hospital and Saint-Pierre Institute). Expecting women who receive a prenatal diagnosis of fetal complex cyanotic CHD that requires a neonatal open-heart surgery for the newborn are eligible to participate. They will complete self-reports on mental health, anxiety, depression and coping skills and will participate in a semi-structured psychological interview. Mothers will provide information on medical, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. They will be enrolled during the third trimester of pregnancy and will participate at three time points: prenatal, T1; after the newborn\u2019s cardiac surgery, T2; and between 12 and 18 months after birth of the child with CHD, T3. Children with CHD will undergo a standardised neurodevelopmental assessment when they turn 12\u201318 months old. The father or co-parent of the child with CHD will also participate in T1 and will complete mental health self-reports. We will use a structural equation model to estimate simultaneously the relationships among maternal mental health, prenatal factors and child neurodevelopment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study is sponsored by the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research. It was approved by the Ethics Committee on 5 November 2024 and is registered in a public trials registry (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT06711666\">NCT06711666<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ). Neuro-Moms CHD targets a public health question with important societal implications. Results are expected to be broadly communicated with the scientific community and the lay public. Dissemination of findings will be in the form of scientific articles in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences. Any publication or communication will comply with the international recommendations: \u2018Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly work in Medical Journals\u2019 (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.icmje.org\/recommendations\">http:\/\/www.icmje.org\/recommendations<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ). All participants will give written informed consent or assent to participate. The anonymised data to be collected in this study will be available within the manuscripts published.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT06711666\">NCT06711666<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ; pre-results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-104889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T11:05:24Z","timestamp":1766487924000},"page":"e104889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prenatal maternal mental health and neurodevelopment in congenital heart disease in France: the neuro-moms CHD multicentre prospective study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06711666","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06711666","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06711666","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"Deninotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U1046 PhyMedExp, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Derridj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M3C-Necker, H\u00f4pital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U1046 PhyMedExp, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Montpellier, 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