{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T15:53:05Z","timestamp":1759333985226,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical Education and Family Welfare Division of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh"},{"name":"Finance Division of the Ministry of Finance"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders often experience high levels of stress that impact their mental health, yet few interventions focus on their well-being. To address this gap, we developed a mental health intervention based on emotional intelligence (EI), designed for delivery in healthcare settings. We hypothesise that enhancing EI can reduce parenting stress and improve psychological well-being. This study aims to assess the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and feasibility of this EI-based intervention in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study will include a cluster randomised controlled trial, an implementation analysis and an economic evaluation. Eight child development centres will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to intervention and waitlist control groups. A total of 480 parents (mothers and fathers) will be recruited. The intervention consists of interactive sessions on EI skills, supported by personal diaries and a mobile app. Data will be collected at baseline and 12 weeks postintervention using validated tools to assess EI, parenting stress, psychological well-being and other mental health outcomes. Implementation will be evaluated using mixed methods to assess feasibility, acceptability and fidelity. Cost-effectiveness will be determined through a cost\u2013utility analysis of direct and indirect costs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Bangladesh Medical University (BSMMU\/2022\/10733). Written informed consent will be obtained at each stage of data collection and intervention. Findings will be disseminated through open-access publications, plain-language summaries, academic conferences, community workshops and policy briefs. Data will be shared in open-access platforms to inform mental health strategies in low-resource settings globally.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                     <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT06166550\">NCT06166550<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-105688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T09:16:36Z","timestamp":1759223796000},"page":"e105688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leveraging emotional intelligence to alleviate mental health: protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial among parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06166550","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7869-3343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marium","family":"Salwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salim Mahmud","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rumana","family":"Rois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Data Science, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Kamal","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaheen","family":"Akhter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1552-8230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamrun","family":"Nahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashekur Rahman","family":"Mullick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muzharul","family":"Mannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gopen Kumar","family":"Kundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanij","family":"Fatema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md","family":"Maruf Haque Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7598-2550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M Atiqul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025093002152426000_15.9.e105688.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Oran HM , Khuan L . 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