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It frequently results in malnutrition, which can decrease survival rates and physical performance, while also imposing financial burdens on healthcare systems and society. Multimodal nutritional interventions may encompass various approaches, including nutritional counselling, consumption of oral nutritional supplements and disease-specific dietary regimens based on nutritional needs. The present clinical trial is designed to examine the effectiveness of multimodal nutritional intervention on nutritional status, quality of life, food intake, body composition and fatigue in patients with SSc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a parallel, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial that will investigate the impacts of multimodal nutritional interventions in SSc patients. 46 qualified SSc participants will be chosen at random and given multimodal nutritional intervention or dietary recommendations for a period of 8\u2009weeks. The primary outcomes of this study are changes in nutritional status and quality of life. The secondary outcomes include changes in body composition, fatigue, body weight, body mass index and calf circumference. Statistical analysis will be conducted using the SPSS software (Version 24).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current trial received approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1403.345). The findings will be submitted to international, peer-reviewed publications and presented at national and international conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IRCT20220208053971N4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-105894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T13:00:14Z","timestamp":1766667614000},"page":"e105894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of multimodal nutritional intervention on nutritional status and clinical outcomes in patients with systemic sclerosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled 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