{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T14:47:00Z","timestamp":1767797220734,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767139200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008460","name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UH3AT012521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3AT012521"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008460","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011822","name":"Michigan Health Endowment Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["G-2203-150083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G-2203-150083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011822","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined the effects of food accessibility on eating habits, home eating environment and anthropometrics among rural parent-child dyads.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This secondary data analysis utilised baseline and post-intervention data from a mindful eating intervention trial. Parents completed an online survey assessing their sociodemographics, height, weight, eating habits, food resource management behaviours, child feeding attitudes and practices, home eating environment and household food insecurity. Trained data collectors measured children\u2019s height, weight, percent body fat and skin carotenoids at childcare centres. Using Geographic Information System tools, food accessibility was estimated by linking participants\u2019 zip codes to Zip Code Tabulation Areas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 154 rural parent-child dyads from low-income households were successfully recruited from 26 Head Start childcare centres in the USA. The children\u2019s mean age was 47.16 months (SD=6.56) while parents averaged 32.68 years old (SD=8.00). About one-third of the parents were single and nearly a third had an annual family income below US$20 000. Additionally, 44.2% of parents were unemployed and over half only had an education level of high school or below. Mixed-effect models revealed that at baseline, limited access to full-service restaurants and greater access to limited-service restaurants were related to higher BMI z-scores (p=0.021, 0.040) and percent body fat (p=0.020, 0.032) in children. Longitudinal analyses using pre-post intervention data indicated that parents\u2019 increases in fibre intake from baseline to post-intervention were correlated with less access to limited-service restaurants (p=0.034), while their improved food resource management behaviours over time were associated with greater access to grocery stores\/supermarkets (p=0.043) after accounting for other types of food access. Additionally, more access to convenience stores was associated with increases in perceived parental weight (p=0.027) over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that food accessibility influences both dietary behaviours and health outcomes, with grocery stores and full-service restaurants having positive impacts, while limited-service restaurants and convenience stores have detrimental effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The clinical trial associated with the study\u2019s data is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" xlink:href=\"NCT05780008\">NCT05780008<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      on 27 February 2023.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-108076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T12:01:09Z","timestamp":1767182469000},"page":"e108076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of food accessibility on eating and anthropometric outcomes among rural parent-child dyads: a secondary data analysis of a mindful eating intervention"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct05780008","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1997-7914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiying","family":"Ling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4653-6631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsui-Sui Annie","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xining","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010703494414000_15.12.e108076.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03678-4","article-title":"Measuring characteristics of wild and cultivated food environments: a scoping review","volume":"22","author":"Farrell","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2026010703494414000_15.12.e108076.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1012734","article-title":"Food insecurity as a risk factor for obesity: A review","volume":"9","author":"Carvajal-Aldaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2026010703494414000_15.12.e108076.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16040501","article-title":"Nourishing the Mind: How Food Security Influences Mental Wellbeing","volume":"16","author":"Ejiohuo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026010703494414000_15.12.e108076.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2020.101211","article-title":"Food insecurity is associated with multiple chronic conditions and physical health status among older US adults","volume":"20","author":"Leung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"2026010703494414000_15.12.e108076.5","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Agriculture . 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