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Although extensive research has investigated various facets of IVH, including prevention, therapeutic interventions, underlying pathophysiology and long-term outcomes, the heterogeneity in selection, measurement and reporting across studies significantly impairs data synthesis through meta-analysis and limits the translation of evidence into clinical practice. To address this issue, we propose the development of a Core Outcome Set (COS) for IVH research in preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study will follow established guidance from the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative and COS-Standards for Development. The sequential phases include: (1) a systematic review to comprehensively identify outcomes previously reported in IVH research involving preterm infants; (2) qualitative interviews with diverse stakeholders (clinicians, researchers and caregivers) to explore perspectives and identify additional relevant outcomes; (3) a multiround Delphi survey to achieve consensus on core outcomes; and (4) a consensus meeting to finalise the COS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The entire project has been approved by the Ethics Committee of West China Second University Hospital (No. 2022-069). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to participation. Study findings will be disseminated through conferences and publications in peer-reviewed journals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-108171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T13:10:51Z","timestamp":1769519451000},"page":"e108171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of a core outcome set for intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants: a study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Haoran","family":"Dou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 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Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4884-4248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 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