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Although tiered vocational rehabilitation (VR) models have been proposed, these are often generic, lack empirical validation and may not address the complex, fluctuating needs of this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To co-design a VR intervention (the COVID-19-VR intervention) to support return to work (RTW) for people with long covid (pwLC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary and secondary care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mixed-methods target population-centred, person-based approach in three stages: Stage 1: interviews (n=21) with pwLC to identify issues and challenges faced in working with long covid. Stage 2: three co-design workshops with pwLC and service providers to (a) generate guiding principles, (b) identify key intervention features to address work needs, (c) create a logic model to illustrate how the intervention could work and (d) develop a treatment plan and resources. Stage 3: feasibility and acceptability testing in six cases (three critical care admissions, three primary care referrals).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PwLC described work-related problems relating to: fluctuating symptoms (cognition, fatigue and breathlessness), employer, coworker and family\u2019s understanding of long covid and workplace adjustments. We developed a 6-session, 12-week individually tailored, remotely delivered intervention that included vocational goal setting, RTW planning, fatigue\/symptom management, financial advice, and where permitted, education for family\/employers, employer engagement and negotiation of a phased RTW. Following feasibility testing, changes included accommodating the long-term nature of long covid, addressing unmet psychological needs, and adding content on adjustment, processing traumatic experience and performance\/symptom anxiety, with extended delivery including monitoring, review and case coordination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PwLC may need specialist help to RTW. Our COVID-19-VR appears feasible and acceptable and warrants further evaluation using a staged approach, prior to any definitive effectiveness trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-109740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T07:55:19Z","timestamp":1778918119000},"page":"e109740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developing a job retention vocational rehabilitation intervention for people with long covid: a person-based approach"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Clement","family":"Boutry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Free Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jain","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8203-8234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priya","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2910-4121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Morriss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8143-7893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roshan","family":"das Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK"},{"name":"Health Division, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"},{"name":"Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9578-2249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte E","family":"Bolton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"},{"name":"NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Respiratory Research, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boliang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6246-3180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Radford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK"},{"name":"NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051600551297000_16.5.e109740.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.o1144","article-title":"Covid-19: True global death toll from pandemic is almost 15 million, says WHO","volume":"377","author":"Taylor","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026051600551297000_16.5.e109740.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitaker M , Elliott J , Chadeau-Hyam M , et al . 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