{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T17:41:37Z","timestamp":1777052497238,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["203140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["203140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study applied a socio-material practice lens to examine health professionals\u2019 responses to methanol poisoning in Bangladesh and to compare these practices with established guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study employed a rapid ethnographic design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were generated in primary-level, secondary-level and tertiary-level health facilities in six districts of western Bangladesh between September 2024 and May 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We carried out semi-structured interviews with 50 health professionals with responsibilities for managing patients experiencing alcohol-related or poisoning-related conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among health professionals, the meanings of methanol poisoning as a diagnostic category, its symptoms and treatments are obscured by moral concerns about alcohol. Materials, including antidotes, for managing methanol poisoning were scarce, and health professionals reported using readily available medical supplies for supportive treatment, though not specifically adapted for methanol poisoning. Health professionals\u2019 care practices for responding to methanol poisoning were often structured by these meanings and materials, with guidelines remaining largely invisible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Socio-material practices of health professionals in response to methanol poisoning in Bangladesh are characterised by missed opportunities. Improving responses requires shifting the meanings of methanol poisoning as a diagnostic category, ensuring that materials such as treatment guidelines and appropriate antidotes, such as ethanol and fomepizole, are available and supporting providers to enact care practices that reflect these guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-114864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T17:05:41Z","timestamp":1777050341000},"page":"e114864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Missed opportunities in methanol poisoning: a qualitative exploration of the socio-material practices of health professionals responding to acute methanol poisoning in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2868-1752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet E","family":"Perkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Anthropology, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh Chrystal Macmillan, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1702-280X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane Brandt","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3698-0384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Shafiqul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Society of Bangladesh, Chattogram, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6341-8699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Knut Erik","family":"Hovda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"University of Oslo Institute for Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"National Poisons Information Centre, National Institutes of Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9579-0030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fazle Rabbi","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh"},{"name":"Institute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aniruddha","family":"Ghose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5638-8476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abu Shahin Mohammed Mahbubur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-3441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Eddleston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pesticide Suicide Prevention, and Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, The University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Street","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Anthropology, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh Chrystal Macmillan, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042410051520000_16.4.e114864.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Honeyman DA , MacIntyre CR , Heslop DJ . n.d. 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