{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:16:12Z","timestamp":1788869772691,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health Innovation Northeast and North Cumbria"},{"name":"NIHR Northeast and North Cumbria Clinical Research Network","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore how participants in the UK\u2019s Targeted Lung Health Check (TLHC) programme understand and respond to incidental findings of coronary artery calcification (CAC) and to identify patient preferences for communication that might enhance engagement with cardiovascular prevention such as lipid-lowering therapy (LLT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One general practice participating in the National Health Service TLHC programme in North-East England, an area of high social deprivation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten adults aged 59\u201371 years with CAC detected on TLHC CT scans and a calculated QRISK &gt;10%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary outcome<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore patient understanding of incidental CAC findings and how this influences engagement with cardiovascular prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Secondary outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify patient preferences for receiving and discussing CAC results, including preferred communication methods, terminology and the role of the clinician in shaping preventive treatment decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients initially reported understanding their findings but deeper exploration revealed misconceptions about personal cardiovascular disease risk. A lack of trust in doctors and reliance on non-clinical information sources (social media, family and friends) were barriers to LLT uptake. Trust in the medical professional giving the advice also shaped acceptance of LLT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Enhancing patient education on CAC findings, fostering doctor-patient trust and tailoring communication strategies may improve LLT uptake. Personalised follow-up and clearer risk explanations could reduce hesitancy and improve engagement with preventive care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-115544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:00:30Z","timestamp":1788868830000},"page":"e115544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient acceptability and preferences for communication of coronary artery calcification findings in the NHS targeted lung health checks: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1756-4008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbey Louise","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen McArdle Nursing and Care Research Institute, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Bagnall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yitka","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Complex, University of Sunderland, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Well-being, Sunderland, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.1","unstructured":"Raleigh V , Jefferies D , Wellings D . Cardiovascular disease in England: Supporting leaders to take action. The King\u2019s Fund, 2022."},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e328325d64d"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.3","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs): Fact sheet. WHO, 2013:1."},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.4","unstructured":"England NHS . NHS England evaluation of the targeted lung health check programme. 2025. Available: https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/contact-us\/privacy-notice\/how-we-use-your-information\/our-services\/evaluation-of-the-targeted-lung-health-check-programme\/"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.04.012"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.07.022"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.7","unstructured":"NICE . 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In: Harwood J , Albury C , de BJ , et al , eds. The EQUATOR network reporting guideline platform. The UK EQUATOR Centre, 2025."},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp15X683929"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ppa.S133168"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12982","article-title":"Inaccurate risk perceptions contribute to treatment gaps","volume":"46","author":"Thakkar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp18X696365"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052884","article-title":"Gaps in antihypertensive and statin treatments","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026090805001644000_16.9.e115544.19","unstructured":"Haslam PD . A report from the NHS future forum. In: Taylor J , Haslam D , eds. Information: A report from the NHS Future Forum. London: Department of Health and Social Care, 2014. 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