{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T15:53:39Z","timestamp":1782489219293,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF25OC0107688"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF25OC0107688"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is often treated with repeated weekly intravesical instillations of chemotherapy or immunotherapy. The number of instillations received influences the risk of recurrence and progression; thus, treatment completion is crucial. However, previous research indicates that nearly half of patients do not adhere to treatment for various reasons. This scoping review aims to define the concept of treatment adherence to intravesical instillation therapies and identify and map the factors that influence treatment adherence in intravesical instillation therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review will adhere to the Joanna Briggs Institute\u2019s Manual for Evidence Synthesis and will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. A comprehensive search strategy will be employed to guide the literature search across databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>We will include studies on intravesical instillation therapies with BCG or Mitomycin C for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, as well as studies that describe factors influencing patients\u2019 adherence to treatment. Screening of abstracts and full texts, as well as data charting, will be performed independently by two researchers using the Covidence software. We will collect and chart data concerning characteristics of the source and setting, treatment specifics, reasons for non-adherence and any factors that affect adherence.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>We will summarise each included source and present the identified factors in a narrative synthesis. Furthermore, we will describe how the results inform the review objective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval is not required for this scoping review, as all data have been published. The findings of the scoping review will be disseminated in a scientific publication and widely presented to researchers, healthcare professionals and patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-116776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T13:25:50Z","timestamp":1777987550000},"page":"e116776","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors influencing adherence to intravesical instillation therapies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a scoping review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2426-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisbeth Roesen","family":"Leinum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Zealand, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, South, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bente Thoft","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology, Aarhus Universitetshospital, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitet Health, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne Vahr","family":"Lauridsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Health Promotion Centre WHO-CC, Parker Instituttet, Frederiksberg, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Urology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062608313441000_16.5.e116776.1","unstructured":"Ferlay J , Ervik M , Lam F , et al . 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Intravesical instillation with mitomycin C or bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. 2015."},{"key":"2026062608313441000_16.5.e116776.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2006.06.012"},{"key":"2026062608313441000_16.5.e116776.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.04.066","article-title":"Treatment of High-grade Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Carcinoma by Standard Number and Dose of BCG Instillations Versus Reduced Number and Standard Dose of BCG Instillations: Results of the European Association of Urology Research Foundation Randomised Phase III Clinical Trial \u201cNIMBUS\u201d","volume":"78","author":"Grimm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"2026062608313441000_16.5.e116776.8","unstructured":"Gontero P , Birtle A , Comp\u00e9rat E , et al . 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