{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T12:01:18Z","timestamp":1781092878662,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is delivered across diverse health-system contexts. In Southeast Asia (SEA), PD has been promoted to expand kidney replacement therapy access where haemodialysis capacity, geography and resources constrain care. This protocol describes a scoping review focused on reported PD clinical outcomes in SEA, with North America used only as a prespecified external comparator rather than as a control group, global benchmark or proxy for best practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and will be reported using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). PRISMA Protocols (PRISMA-P) items are addressed where applicable. The review will be conducted from 1 May 2026 to 31 October 2026. Searches will identify sources published from 1 January 2000 to the planned final search date of 31 July 2026. MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Global Index Medicus, Google Scholar, citation searching and selected registry, professional, governmental and conference sources will be searched. No language restriction will be applied at the search stage. Eligible evidence will include peer-reviewed studies, registry or professional reports, governmental or institutional reports and conference abstracts or posters with extractable PD outcome data. Non-English sources will be screened using machine translation and extracted using targeted translation of relevant sections when feasible. Outcomes of interest include patient survival, technique survival and transition to haemodialysis, peritonitis and other infectious complications, hospitalisation and health service utilisation, cardiovascular outcomes, catheter-related complications and patient-reported outcomes when reported as clinical endpoints. Findings will be summarised descriptively and mapped by outcome domain and by region, with contextual factors noted when reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethics approval is not required because this review will synthesise published literature only. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations, and the extracted dataset and search strategies will be shared in supplementary materials or an online repository, subject to journal policy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF):\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/3dkvx\/\">https:\/\/osf.io\/3dkvx\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-118546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T11:10:42Z","timestamp":1781089842000},"page":"e118546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes of peritoneal dialysis in Southeast Asia: a scoping review protocol with a focused North American comparator"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tina","family":"Mai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savinnie","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jewel","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andy","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8413-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quang Thanh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vietnam National Hospital of Pediatrics, Hanoi, Viet Nam"},{"name":"Penang Medical College, George Town, Penang, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000514550","article-title":"Global Epidemiology of End-Stage Kidney Disease and Disparities in Kidney Replacement Therapy","volume":"52","author":"Thurlow","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01853-7"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.05.032","article-title":"Peritoneal Dialysis Use and Practice Patterns: An International Survey Study","volume":"77","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.4","unstructured":"Ishani A , Slinin Y , Greer N , et al . Comparative effectiveness of home-based kidney dialysis versus in-center or other outpatient kidney dialysis locations: a systematic review. Department of Veterans Affairs 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK344417\/ [Accessed 3 Jan 2026]."},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.12.033"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13949","article-title":"Peritoneal dialysis: Status report in South and South East Asia","volume":"26","author":"Bhargava","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0336954","article-title":"Patient survival and kidney transplantation in different dialysis modalities under PD First Policy Thailand","volume":"20","author":"Sangthawan","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-022-00623-7","article-title":"Epidemiology of peritoneal dialysis outcomes","volume":"18","author":"Bello","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2014.00288"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/0896860821996096","article-title":"A systematic review of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis rates over time from national or regional population-based registries and databases","volume":"42","author":"Marshall","year":"2022","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140195","article-title":"Hemodialysis versus Peritoneal Dialysis: A Comparison of Survival Outcomes in South-East Asian Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2017.10.009"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-025-04240-x","article-title":"Clinical events and patient-reported outcome measures in peritoneal dialysis","volume":"26","author":"Malaweera","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608221080586","article-title":"ISPD peritonitis guideline recommendations: 2022 update on prevention and treatment","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00167"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement","volume":"4","author":"Moher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"2026061004102316000_16.6.e118546.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01542-z","article-title":"PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews","volume":"10","author":"Rethlefsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-118546","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T11:10:49Z","timestamp":1781089849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-118546"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-118546"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-118546","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}