{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T08:15:39Z","timestamp":1788509739701,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Professional Advisory Interprofessional Research Award of St. Joseph\u2019s Healthcare Hamilton"},{"name":"Center for Health Economics and Analysis of McMaster University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to understand experiences of patients, families and clinicians with the Footprints Project - a tool used to counter the unintentional dehumanisation of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Qualitative descriptive study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>29-bed university-affiliated ICU.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 66 participants, 7 were survivors of critical illness, 19 were family members of survivors or decedents and 40 were clinicians representing 10 different professions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Footprints Project uses a written form to record personal details about each patient, then excerpts are transcribed onto a whiteboard in each patient\u2019s room. Patients and family members were invited to participate in semistructured interviews or focus groups after ICU discharge (October 2024\u2013August 2025). Clinicians were invited by email (January 2025\u2013May 2025). Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and anonymised.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perspectives and experiences of patients, family members and clinicians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data collection was primarily in-person for patients and families (17 of 26, 65.4%), and virtual for clinicians (36 of 40, 90.0%). Qualitative content analysis of transcripts revealed three categories related to\n                      <jats:italic>identity, inclusivity and impact<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Footprints was experienced as a tool to highlight personhood by bringing patients into view, individualising conversations and encouraging use of preferred names. Features fostering inclusivity include increasing awareness of vulnerabilities, facilitating culturally-sensitive care and helping to avoid errant assumptions. Patients valued being acknowledged as a person. Families valued recognition of their loved one as an individual. Clinicians found shared humanity through Footprints. Participants identified barriers to consistent use, underscoring implementation challenges; they also shared ideas for more intentional, consistent utilisation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Footprints Project was viewed as a relational tool, reflecting a patient-facing approach to person-centred, family-partnered care that supports humanism in healthcare. Future work should include structured implementation strategies and assess how Footprints can be sustained and embedded into practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-119846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:46:03Z","timestamp":1787237163000},"page":"e119846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A relational tool supporting identity, inclusivity and impact in the intensive care unit: a qualitative study of the Footprints Project"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"France J","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, 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