{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:10:34Z","timestamp":1791562234449,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003718","name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KSN2512012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSN2512012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008783","name":"National Research Council of Science & Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GTL25071-000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GTL25071-000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008783","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Balance impairment is a major contributor to falls, reduced mobility and loss of independence in individuals after stroke. Vibration therapy (VT) has been increasingly investigated as a non-invasive intervention to improve postural control and balance in individuals with stroke. However, the reported effects remain inconsistent, and a comprehensive synthesis focusing specifically on balance-related outcomes is lacking. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VT on balance function and to explore the influence of intervention characteristics and outcome constructs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Randomised and non-randomised controlled studies will be systematically identified from major electronic databases. Balance-related outcomes will be categorised using a predefined construct-based framework (eg, static postural control, dynamic balance, limits of stability, functional mobility and gait performance). Meta-analyses will be conducted only within conceptually homogeneous constructs; otherwise, findings will be synthesised narratively. Risk of bias will be assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 and Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions. Random-effects models will be applied where appropriate, and meta-regression analyses will be exploratory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval is not required because this study will use only previously published data and will not involve individual-level human participant data. The findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at relevant academic conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD420251110102.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-120149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T17:50:55Z","timestamp":1780422655000},"page":"e120149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Towards precision vibration therapy for poststroke balance: a domain-specific systematic review and meta-analysis protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7939-2278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Dae","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9859-3999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Se-Ra","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2265-3833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin Mi","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5690-2802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji-Woo","family":"Seok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2661-349X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong-Woo","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241308142"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000001052"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/86.1.30"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2003.05.012"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2007.09.0145"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-009-1303-3"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3390\/vibration6030040","article-title":"Focal Muscle Vibration (fMV) for Post-Stroke Motor Recovery: Multisite Neuroplasticity Induction, Timing of Intervention, Clinical Approaches, and Prospects from a Narrative Review","volume":"6","author":"Vigan\u00f2","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vibration"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968310376757"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14175966","article-title":"The Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Spasticity in Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"14","author":"Seo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14217682","article-title":"The Effects of Vibration Therapy on Activities of Daily Living After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"14","author":"Seo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-024-01515-6","article-title":"Upper extremity function and disability recovery with vibration therapy after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs","volume":"21","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"2026090306255400000_16.6.e120149.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2022.1076665","article-title":"Does whole-body vibration training have a positive effect on balance and walking function in patients with stroke? 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Chapter 3: defining the criteria for including studies and how they will be grouped for the synthesis. In: Higgins JPT , Thomas J , Chandler J , et al ., eds. 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