{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:58:36Z","timestamp":1791295116181,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the association between interpersonal and impersonal stressful and potentially traumatic life events (SLEs\/PTEs) and satisfaction with life (SWL), and to assess the extent to which this relationship is mediated by mental distress, somatic health and social factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population-based study in Troms\u00f8, Norway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 21\u2009069 adults aged \u226540 years from the seventh wave of the Troms\u00f8 Study (mean age 57.3 years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SWL measured using the Satisfaction With Life Scale-3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Linear regression analyses and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to examine associations between SLEs\/PTEs and SWL and to assess direct and indirect effects via mental distress, somatic health, cohabitation status, perceived social support and self-reliance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both interpersonal (B = \u22120.11, p&lt;0.001) and impersonal SLEs\/PTEs (B = \u22120.05, p&lt;0.001) were significantly associated with lower SWL. SEM analyses indicated that SLEs\/PTEs had both direct negative effects on SWL (interpersonal SLE\/PTE: B = \u22120.15, p&lt;0.001, impersonal SLE\/PTE: B = \u22120.06, p&lt;0.001) and indirect effects through mental distress, somatic health, living with a partner, having friends to confide in and self-reliance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposure to SLEs\/PTEs is associated with reduced life satisfaction, with both direct and indirect pathways via mental and somatic health and social support. Interpersonal SLEs\/PTEs appear to have a stronger negative impact on SWL than impersonal events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-121585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:20:31Z","timestamp":1791292831000},"page":"e121585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stressful and potentially traumatic life events and satisfaction with life among Norwegian adults: cross-sectional results from the seventh survey of the Troms\u00f8 study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6746-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamilla","family":"Rognmo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Troms\u00f8, Troms\u00f8, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingunn","family":"Skre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Troms\u00f8, Troms\u00f8, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Troms\u00f8, Troms\u00f8, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens C","family":"Thimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Troms\u00f8, Troms\u00f8, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100606201542000_16.10.e121585.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joep.2019.102241","article-title":"Wounds that time can\u2019t heal: life satisfaction and exposure to traumatic events","volume":"76","author":"Bucciol","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Econ Psychol"},{"key":"2026100606201542000_16.10.e121585.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-017-1593-6","article-title":"Lifetime traumatic events, health-related quality of life, and satisfaction with life in older adults","volume":"26","author":"Lamoureux-Lamarche","year":"2017","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2026100606201542000_16.10.e121585.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-013-0512-8"},{"key":"2026100606201542000_16.10.e121585.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215503cr629oa"},{"key":"2026100606201542000_16.10.e121585.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020339"},{"key":"2026100606201542000_16.10.e121585.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09663-9","article-title":"Effects of cumulative trauma load on long-term trajectories of life satisfaction and health in a population-based study","volume":"20","author":"Sacchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026100606201542000_16.10.e121585.7","unstructured":"Allen JG . 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