{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:27:54Z","timestamp":1792787274756,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Inonu University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit","award":["TSA-2025-3932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSA-2025-3932"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04asck240","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To estimate the prevalence of obesity and identify the factors independently associated with it among adults living in container settlements established after the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmara\u015f earthquakes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Population-based, descriptive, cross-sectional field study using stratified random sampling.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n Eight container settlements in Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye, with on-site primary health services. Fieldwork was conducted between June and October 2025, 24\u201332 months after the earthquakes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Participants<\/jats:title>\n Participants were adults aged \u226518 years permanently residing in the settlements (source population, n=27\u2009997). Of 682 individuals randomly selected from settlement resident lists, 62 could not be contacted and were replaced by further random draws; of the 620 adults then approached, 57 were excluded for non-eligibility, incomplete data or refusal, yielding a final analytic sample of 563 (84.0% of all eligible selected individuals; 94.6% of those contacted).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n Primary outcome: obesity (body mass index (BMI) \u226530.0\u2009kg\/m\u00b2) from measured height and weight. Secondary outcomes: distribution of BMI categories and factors associated with obesity assessed by logistic regression and, as a sensitivity analysis, by modified Poisson regression yielding prevalence ratios.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Obesity prevalence was 28.8% (162\/563; 95%\u2009CI 25.2 to 32.6), falling to 24.4% (21.1 to 27.9) after standardisation to an equal sex distribution. Prevalence was markedly higher in women than in men (35.5% vs 13.5%) and differed across settlements (18.8%\u201366.7%; \u03c7\u00b2=29.21, p<0.001) although estimates for the three smallest sites were imprecise. Six factors were independently associated with obesity: female sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 3.46, 95%\u2009CI 1.86 to 6.44), age \u226555 years (AOR 2.44, 95%\u2009CI 1.17 to 5.09), fast eating (AOR 2.28, 95%\u2009CI 1.39 to 3.74), self-reported childhood overweight (AOR 1.93, 95%\u2009CI 1.21 to 3.07), chronic disease (AOR 1.85, 95%\u2009CI 1.17 to 2.94)\u2009and low household income (AOR 1.73, 95%\u2009CI 1.05 to 2.86); the income association was sensitive to model specification (Nagelkerke R\u00b2=0.267; apparent, in-sample discrimination AUC=0.775, 95% CI 0.732 to 0.818). Associations persisted when settlement was added as a fixed effect, when cluster-robust variance was used and when prevalence ratios were estimated instead of ORs, with the exception of household income, which lost significance in the settlement-adjusted model.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Obesity is a substantial, identifiable problem during the sub-acute to chronic phase of post-earthquake displacement in the Eastern Mediterranean. The profile of associated factors supports targeted intervention through on-site primary care, with older women who have chronic disease as the clearest priority group; the association with low household income was sensitive to adjustment for settlement and should be treated as provisional. The variation between settlements indicates that settlement-level environments warrant direct measurement in future work.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-122076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T16:12:59Z","timestamp":1790179979000},"page":"e122076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Obesity among adults living in post-earthquake container settlements: a cross-sectional study in Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4164-3611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osman","family":"Kurt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleyna","family":"Aslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet Burak","family":"Avcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ay\u015fe","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Metin Fikret","family":"Gen\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harun","family":"Kurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malatya Provincial Health Directorate, Battalgazi, Malatya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092309102947000_16.9.e122076.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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