{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:57:10Z","timestamp":1791381430442,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012297","name":"Society of Family Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFP19-MDI1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFP19-MDI1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012297","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contraceptive misinformation circulates widely on social media, and young Latinas are disproportionately exposed and more likely to internalise it, shaped by language barriers, limited institutional access and historical mistrust of the medical system. Prior work documents its prevalence and links influencer credibility to contraceptive behaviour, but which specific message features drive believability remains unknown. This protocol describes a discrete choice experiment (DCE), the first phase of the Choice and Reaction to Evaluate Online Opinions on Family Planning study, designed to identify which characteristics of contraceptive misinformation posts most influence perceived believability among young Latinas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a cross-sectional online study using a visual DCE grounded in the Online Misinformation Engagement Framework. Six attributes across 19 levels (influencer type, contraceptive method, narrative type, side effect type, misinformation construct and tone) were retained from 13 candidates based on theoretical grounding, visual operationalisability and non-collinearity. A D-efficient fractional factorial design reduced 864 possible combinations to 32 profiles across 16 forced-choice pairs. Eligible participants (self-identified Latinas or Indigenous women from Latin America, aged 18\u201329, residing in the USA) will be recruited via targeted social media ads and will complete all 16 tasks, selecting the more believable of two simulated Instagram posts per pair. A target sample of 500 exceeds Johnson-Orme requirements for main and interaction effects. Conditional logit will serve as the primary analysis; mixed logit will be estimated as a secondary specification to assess preference heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was deemed exempt by the University of California, San Francisco Institutional Review Board (IRB #25-45383). Participants will provide informed consent and complete a structured debriefing correcting the misinformation presented in the DCE stimuli. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and community forums serving Latinas, in English and Spanish.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-126143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:25:48Z","timestamp":1791379548000},"page":"e126143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing the believability of contraceptive misinformation among young Latinas (CREO): protocol for a discrete choice experiment"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7142-8704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Abascal Miguel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Pfender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1032-5971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah G","family":"Gayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie M","family":"Morse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/17187","article-title":"Prevalence of Health Misinformation on Social Media: Systematic Review","volume":"23","author":"Suarez-Lledo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.2","unstructured":"Butler K . Inside anti-abortion groups\u2019 campaign to sell women on unreliable birth control \"alternatives\". Mother Jones. Available: https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2022\/09\/inside-anti-abortion-groups-campaign-to-sell-women-on-unreliable-birth-control-alternatives\/ [Accessed 27 May 2025]."},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-024-09118-6","article-title":"Online Misleading Information About Women\u2019s Reproductive Health: A Narrative Review","volume":"40","author":"John","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1177\/15248399231221163","article-title":"Hormonal Contraceptive Side Effects and Nonhormonal Alternatives on TikTok: A Content Analysis","volume":"26","author":"Pfender","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40834-024-00262-2","article-title":"Contraceptive content shared on social media: an analysis of Twitter","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Contracept Reprod Med"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conx.2023.100103","article-title":"Concern that contraception affects future fertility: How common is this concern among young people and does it stop them from using contraception?","volume":"5","author":"Watson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Contracept X"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1089\/whr.2021.0115","article-title":"Contraceptive Decision-Making and the Importance of Side Effect Information Among a Sample of Latinas","volume":"3","author":"Cicerchia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Women\u2019s Health Reports"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.8","article-title":"Estimates of use of preferred contraceptive method in the United States: a population-based study","volume":"30","author":"Gomez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2014.04.012"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2025.2541235","article-title":"Dispensing choice: understanding intention to adopt Opill among college students using the reasoned action approach","volume":"74","author":"Pfender","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Am Coll Health"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2014.02.003"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2024.2402161","article-title":"The Effect of Social Media Influencer Warranting Cues on Intentions to Use Non-Hormonal Contraception","volume":"40","author":"Pfender","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Commun"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40834-024-00324-5","article-title":"Social media as health educator: An assessment of the understandability and accuracy of tiktok content about contraception","volume":"9","author":"Coleman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Contracept Reprod Med"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1S","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0001012864.97060.c3","article-title":"An Analysis of Discourse Surrounding Oral Contraceptives on TikTok [ID 2683389]","volume":"143","author":"Repetto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2012.08.2223"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.16","first-page":"139","article-title":"Understanding patient cost-sharing thresholds for diabetes treatment attributes via a discrete choice experiment","volume":"29","author":"Panchal","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"key":"2026100706252573000_16.10.e126143.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abascal Miguel L , Comfort A , Riley A , et al . 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