{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:34:38Z","timestamp":1761921278248,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research (Zentrum fur interdisziplinare Forschung, ZiF) at University of Bielefeld, Germany through grant for the study \u201cThe Epistemology of Evidence-Based Policy","award":["Not Applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not Applicable"]}]},{"name":"Volkswagen Foundation through a Norbert Elias Fellowship","award":["Not applicable"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not applicable"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["bmjph"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Evidence-based policymaking is a paradigm aimed at increasing the use of evidence by actors involved in policymaking processes. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted a heavy reliance on emerging evidence for policymaking during emergencies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study describes the focus and types of evidence in journal articles self-described as relevant to policymaking using the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study, identifying gaps in evidence and highlighting author stated perceived biases specifically in evidence-based policy making.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Evidence mapping.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We systematically searched SCOPUS, PubMed and LexisNexis for literature identifying policy-relevant evidence available on the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Eligibility criteria<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study included only peer-reviewed literature identified as \u2018article\u2019, \u2018book chapter\u2019, \u2018review\u2019 covering the period from January 2020 to December 2022. Inclusion criteria required that articles have an abstract, authorship attribution and are written in English.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data extraction and synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A minimum of two authors independently extracted and coded for every level and final outputs were compared for consistency.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 213 articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed in this study. Lead authorship affiliations were from 50 countries with 70% of the outputs from developed economies including USA (20.2%), UK (18.3%) and Australia (7.5%). The most common purpose of the articles was the presentation of research findings the authors considered of relevance to policy (60.1%), followed by work that examined the impact of policy (28.6%) or highlighted or supported a policy need (22.5%), while some papers had multiple stated purposes. The most common challenges in policymaking identified by the authors of the reviewed papers were <jats:italic>process failures<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>poor evidence<\/jats:italic> utilisation during policymaking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The evidence map identified the need for an interdisciplinary policy approach involving relevant stakeholders and driven by quality research as a progressive step towards prevention of future public health crises\/pandemics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2023-000694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T23:50:24Z","timestamp":1724889024000},"page":"e000694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Examining self-described policy-relevant evidence base for policymaking: an evidence map of COVID-19 literature"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3110-1678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emelda E","family":"Chukwu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Woolaston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Law, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Kaufer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy for Territorial Development in the Leibniz Association - ARL, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Bortolus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Patag\u00f3nico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chad L","family":"Hewitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biosecurity Research Analysis and Synthesis, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand"},{"name":"Centre for Biosecurity and One Health, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evangelina","family":"Schwindt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biolog\u00eda de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Temitope O","family":"Sogbanmu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria"},{"name":"Environmental Evidence Synthesis and Knowledge Translation (EESKT) Research Group, TCEBCEM, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Schwenkenbecher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biosecurity and One Health, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"School of Humanities, Arts & Social Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Slanickova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Philosophy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike D","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Remco","family":"Heesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method, London School of Economics and Political Science Methodology Institute, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veli","family":"Mitova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"African Centre for Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083109504316000_2.2.e000694.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parkhurst J . 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