{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T07:00:37Z","timestamp":1776409237961,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"World-leading Innovative & Smart Education (WISE) programme at Nagasaki University","award":["672009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["672009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023693","name":"Vaccine Impact Modelling Consortium","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-034281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-034281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP223fa627004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP223fa627004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["bmjph"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>India has a high typhoid fever burden. In 2022, the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation recommended introducing typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) into the Universal Immunisation Programme. Our study aims to identify research priorities to support ongoing TCV decision-making in India.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 45 evidence factors for TCV decision-making in India by adapting WHO\u2019s Evidence-to-Recommendation framework. We assigned an evidence gap score for each evidence factor from 0 (low) to 4 (high) based on the availability and sufficiency, quality, breadth and applicability of evidence identified in a literature review (end date 30 November 2023). We assigned each evidence factor an importance score based on the results of an online survey conducted among national immunisation stakeholders (n=22, 1 July 2023\u201331 October 2023), where they ranked the importance of seven WHO\u2019s Evidence-to-Recommendation criteria and several evidence factors within them. We rescaled mean stakeholder rankings into importance scores from 0 (low) to 4 (high). Finally, we added the evidence gap score to the importance score and used the overall scores to identify research priorities to support ongoing TCV decision-making in India.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We estimated the highest evidence priority scores for public perception of typhoid fever, vaccination budget impact, vaccine availability, socioeconomic impact, fiscal space, antimicrobial resistance tracking, typhoid fever mortality, public perception of TCV, immunisation managers\u2019 acceptance and vaccine schedule preferences among caregivers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>By adapting WHO\u2019s Evidence-to-Recommendation framework to the Indian context, we systematically identified several research priorities to support ongoing decision-making on TCV in India. These priorities will evolve as new research studies and questions emerge about the optimal scheduling, roll-out and implementation of TCV in India.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2024-001089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T22:00:15Z","timestamp":1727992815000},"page":"e001089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Research priorities to support typhoid conjugate vaccine decision-making in India: evidence assessment and stakeholder survey"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9564-8760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vijayalaxmi V","family":"Mogasale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Dynamics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"},{"name":"School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anish","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health & Development, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Habib","family":"Hasan Farooqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5955-0352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arindam","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease & Vaccine Delivery, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation India, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracey","family":"Chantler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0596-8072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittal","family":"Mogasale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhim Gopal","family":"Dhoubhadel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W John","family":"Edmunds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Dynamics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"},{"name":"School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0563-1576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaja","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Dynamics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"},{"name":"School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan"},{"name":"Public Health Foundation of 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