{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T06:11:42Z","timestamp":1781676702688,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"North Carolina Collaboratory at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","award":["SLFRP0129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLFRP0129"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["bmjph"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The conduct of clinical research is essential during public health emergencies, including COVID-19, to characterise the natural history of the infection to inform case definitions, identify risk factors for severe disease, transmission patterns, short and long-term complications and safe and effective treatments and vaccines. Policies aimed at mitigating transmission of SARS-CoV-2 proved challenging to conduct clinical research. Here, we describe the Vital Status and Outcomes of COVID-19 (VISION) study, a hybrid no-touch and low-touch clinical research protocol following participants recently infected with SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective longitudinal no-touch and low-touch observational study of recent SARS-CoV-2 infection, participants are enrolled virtually into a no-touch online primary cohort, which collects clinical information using electronic surveys. Eligible participants are able to additionally enrol into low-touch cohorts that collect biospecimens to characterise viral and immune dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The VISION study is approved by the UNC Biomedical Institutional Review Board. Virtual enrolment coupled with hybrid no and low-touch data collection reduces barriers to participation in clinical research while allowing for an expansive investigation of the COVID-19 disease course.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2025-002796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T02:35:24Z","timestamp":1754966124000},"page":"e002796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research protocol design and implementation of a hybrid no-touch and low-touch prospective observational study during the COVID-19 public health emergency: the VISION study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0170-5787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Becky","family":"Straub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8592-5154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie R","family":"Mollan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5093-378X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica R","family":"Keys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4828-9416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chanhwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7777-0773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald","family":"Swanstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1736-1350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lakshmanane","family":"Premkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9181-2183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy P","family":"Sheahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8353-386X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuntai","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4900-098X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William A","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7764-0212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A","family":"Wohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010703062698000_3.2.e002796.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nomali M , Mehrdad N , Heidari ME , et al . Challenges and solutions in clinical research during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2023;6. doi:10.1002\/hsr2.1482","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1482"},{"key":"2026010703062698000_3.2.e002796.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1717-y"},{"key":"2026010703062698000_3.2.e002796.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-1269","article-title":"Accelerating COVID-19 therapeutic interventions and vaccines (ACTIV): designing master protocols for evaluation of candidate COVID-19 therapeutics","volume":"174","author":"LaVange","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026010703062698000_3.2.e002796.4","unstructured":"Meng-Jia Wu KZ , Fils-Aime F . Response rates of online surveys in published research: a meta-analysis. computers in human behavior reports. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2451958822000409"},{"key":"2026010703062698000_3.2.e002796.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41134-020-00147-9"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2025-002796corr1","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766620800000}}],"container-title":["BMJ Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjph-2025-002796","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:07:49Z","timestamp":1767784069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjpublichealth.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjph-2025-002796"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjph-2025-002796"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjph-2025-002796","relation":{},"ISSN":["2753-4294"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2753-4294","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}