{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T12:47:30Z","timestamp":1785934050424,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000354","name":"Food Standards Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FS302001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS302001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000354","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Alternative Protein Innovation Centre","award":["BB\/Z516119\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/Z516119\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["bmjph"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cannabidiol (CBD) is a naturally occurring phytocannabinoid found in\n                      <jats:italic>Cannabis<\/jats:italic>\n                      plants. CBD is used for skin care, pain, anxiety and insomnia. There is a growing range of CBD products and formulations on the market, which have been driven by the increased demand for CBD products. The aim of this study was to identify knowledge and use of CBD products among adults in England, Wales and Northern Ireland; exploring patterns of CBD use of different products and characteristics associated with awareness and use of CBD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current research analysed data from the Official Statistics survey, Food and You 2 (n=13\u2009879), Wave 1 (2020), Wave 3 (2021) and Wave 7 (2023). A series of binary logistic regression models were used to identify the characteristics associated with CBD awareness and use. Cluster analyses examined CBD product usage and how consumers decide on a suitable dose\/serving.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It was identified that 61.9% of respondents had heard of CBD, and of those who had heard of CBD, 17.1% had used CBD in the previous 12 months. The characteristics associated with CBD awareness and use are not uniform. How CBD users decide on a suitable dose\/serving varies, with some using a combination of methods, others relying on pack instructions alone or not thinking about this issue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This research offers novel insight into the awareness and use of CBD products across England, Wales and Northern Ireland, providing an evidence base for policymakers to better understand and monitor CBD awareness and use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2025-003924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T12:00:25Z","timestamp":1785931225000},"page":"e003924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Insights into public use and attitudes of cannabidiol (CBD) in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: secondary analysis of an official statistic consumer survey, Food and You 2"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5839-0548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beth","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Ogunmayin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0032-0552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukvinder Kaur","family":"Bhamra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080505001625000_4.3.e003924.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1328885","article-title":"Cannabidiol and brain function: current knowledge and future perspectives","volume":"14","author":"Schouten","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026080505001625000_4.3.e003924.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1208325","article-title":"The analgesic efficacy of erector spinae plane block versus paravertebral block in thoracic surgeries: a meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Fenta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026080505001625000_4.3.e003924.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.07.028"},{"key":"2026080505001625000_4.3.e003924.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10245852","article-title":"Enhancing Endocannabinoid Control of Stress with Cannabidiol","volume":"10","author":"Henson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026080505001625000_4.3.e003924.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41386-020-0667-2"},{"key":"2026080505001625000_4.3.e003924.6","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction . 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