{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T23:08:50Z","timestamp":1791673730830,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["bmjph"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infertility is a significant reproductive health issue that affects millions of married couples worldwide, creating emotional, psychological and social challenges for those affected. It can have serious effects on the psychological, economic, physical and social well-being of both men and women. However, little is known about this in the Kpandai District of Ghana. This study explored the experiences of married women with infertility in Kpandai District, Ghana.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An explorative qualitative research approach was used in this study. A snowballing sampling technique was used to interview 11 married women living with infertility. Data were collected using an interview guide and analysed using thematic content analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the interviews, three key themes emerged: (1) adverse experiences of married women with infertility, (2) psychological effects of infertility and (3) coping strategies used. Many respondents expressed feelings of sadness, humiliation, mistreatment and stigma. The experiences of public ridicule and strained marital relationships further intensified their distress, with some women contemplating divorce. Seeking medical interventions, spiritual practices, work and support from spouses were some coping strategies used in dealing with the adverse experiences of infertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive support systems, including psychological counselling, family and spousal support and community-based interventions, to help women navigate the complex challenges of infertility. Addressing infertility holistically beyond medical treatment will be essential in fostering resilience and emotional well-being for affected women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2025-004082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T13:21:11Z","timestamp":1778764871000},"page":"e004082","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Silent struggles and stigmatised lives: a qualitative study among infertile married women in Kpandai District, Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7638-1757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard Kwaku","family":"Bawah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nursing & Midwifery, Evangelical Church of Ghana Hospital, Kpandai, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Samani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Disease Control, Division of Public Health, Evangelical Church of Ghana Hospital, Kpandai, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belinda","family":"Appiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Catholic University, Sunyani, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051406202558000_4.2.e004082.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2019.101369","article-title":"Infertility in women with systemic autoimmune diseases","volume":"33","author":"Khizroeva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026051406202558000_4.2.e004082.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoac047","article-title":"Indicators of infertility and fertility care: a systematic scoping review","volume":"2022","author":"Nabhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"2026051406202558000_4.2.e004082.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-012322","article-title":"Fulfilment of fertility desires for the attainment of Global Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"8","author":"Mburu","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"2026051406202558000_4.2.e004082.4","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) . WHO issues first global guideline on infertility. 2025. 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The mediating role of the importance of parenthood","volume":"21","author":"Moura-Ramos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"key":"2026051406202558000_4.2.e004082.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04739-0","article-title":"Evaluating the therapeutic use of music to address anxiety for women undergoing gynaecological and fertility treatments","volume":"25","author":"Short","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"}],"container-title":["BMJ Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjph-2025-004082","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T13:21:20Z","timestamp":1778764880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjpublichealth.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjph-2025-004082"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjph-2025-004082"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjph-2025-004082","relation":{},"ISSN":["2753-4294"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2753-4294","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}}}