{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:59:38Z","timestamp":1793123978139,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":85,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["\/166043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\/166043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["166043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["166043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["bmjph"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incarcerated populations are ageing, yet their specific needs remain unclear, hindering adequate care planning. We provide a comprehensive overview of health burden among incarcerated adults in Switzerland, focusing on age-related differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis based on data extracted from medical records from 10 prisons and forensic-psychiatric institutions in Switzerland (N=384), comprising 151 older adults. We performed descriptive statistics for all variables. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify diagnostic characteristics that differentiate older from younger incarcerated adults. We assessed whether a breakpoint exists in the association between age and total somatic disease burden using a segmented regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost all older adults had at least one chronic condition (97%), of which the most common were substance use (20.4%) and mood disorders (14.3%), as well as endocrine and metabolic (25%), cardiovascular (17%) and respiratory (14%) diseases. Age differences emerged for affective (OR 1.58, 95%\u2009CI 1.23 to 2.05) and personality disorders (OR 2.06, 95%\u2009CI 1.60 to 2.66). We found an estimated breakpoint at age 39, at which the number of chronic somatic diseases began to increase at a rate greater than before.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increase in chronic somatic diseases around age 39 may warrant further examination of the commonly used age cut-off of 50. Given the high prevalence of chronic conditions among older adults, health services should shift from a focus on acute care to long-term chronic disease management, enhance screening for early disease detection and provide preventive care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2025-004164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T14:20:34Z","timestamp":1782397234000},"page":"e004164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Somatic and psychiatric health burden of male and female older incarcerated adults in Switzerland: a retrospective cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3988-0506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helene","family":"Seaward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7961-0615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. Zoe","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waypoint Research Institute, Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Wermuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aargau Psychiatric Services Central Campus Brugg-Windisch - Areal K\u00f6nigsfelden, Windisch, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Liebrenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Egli-Alge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forio AG, Winterthur, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Department, University Psychiatric Clinic Basel, Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmar","family":"Habermeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensische Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychiatrische Universit\u00e4tsklinik Z\u00fcrich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutz-Peter","family":"Hiersemenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solothurner Spitaler AG, Solothurn, SO, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Marcot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fili\u00e8re l\u00e9gale, Centre Neuch\u00e2telois de Psychiatrie Pr\u00e9fargier, Marin-\u00c9pagnier, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0469-0286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinne","family":"Devaud Cornaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Psychiatrie Forensique, R\u00e9seau Fribourgeois de Sant\u00e9 Mentale, Villars sur Gl\u00e2ne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elger Bernice","family":"Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Center for Legal Medicine, University of Geneva, Gen\u00e8ve, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tenzin","family":"Wangmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062507200982000_4.2.e004164.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2017.1286453","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders among older prisoners: a systematic review and comparison study against older people in the community","volume":"22","author":"Di Lorito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging & Mental Health"},{"key":"2026062507200982000_4.2.e004164.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maschi T , Morgen K , Hintenach A , et al . 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