{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T01:15:35Z","timestamp":1789002935232,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Qual Saf"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Postoperative adverse events occur all too commonly and contribute greatly to our large and increasing healthcare costs. Surgeons, as well as hospitals, need to know their own outcomes in order to recognise areas that need improvement before they can work towards reducing complications. In the USA, the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (ACS NSQIP) collects clinical data that provide benchmarks for providers and hospitals. This review summarises the history of ACS NSQIP and its components, and describes the evidence that feeding outcomes back to providers, along with real-time comparisons with other hospital rates, leads to quality improvement, better patient outcomes, cost savings and overall improved patient safety. The potential harms and limitations of the program are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2013-002223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,19]],"date-time":"2014-04-19T21:24:45Z","timestamp":1397942685000},"page":"589-599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["The use of report cards and outcome measurements to improve the safety of surgical care: the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Melinda","family":"Maggard-Gibbons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.1","unstructured":"National Health Statistics Reports, No 29, 26 October 2010, pp 1-24. www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhsr\/nhsr029.pdf."},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181f244f8","article-title":"A statewide assessment of surgical site infection following colectomy: the role of oral antibiotics","volume":"252","author":"Englesbe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.3","unstructured":"ACS NSQIP Business case printed material, 2011. http:\/\/site.acsnsqip.org\/about\/business-case\/"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00240-X"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2004.05.276"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2006.02.015"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200502000-00005"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.8","first-page":"519","article-title":"The National Veterans Administration Surgical Risk Study: risk adjustment for the comparative assessment of the quality of surgical care","volume":"180","author":"Khuri","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(97)00073-2"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510340051033"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39318.644549.AE"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200209000-00011"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181823485"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.02.027"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2009.09.031"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199810000-00006"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200308000-00011"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-10-200111200-00005"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181b4148f"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2010.220"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/11-127","article-title":"The power of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program\u2014achieving a zero pneumonia rate in general surgery patients","volume":"16","author":"Fuchshuber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Perm J"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2011.12.012"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181b4148f"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2008.06.010"},{"key":"2025090413555938000_23.7.589.25","unstructured":"Ko C . 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