{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:34:31Z","timestamp":1781613271377,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Qual Saf"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prior work has not studied the effects of transportation accessibility and patient factors on clinic non-arrival.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our objectives were: (1) to evaluate transportation characteristics and patient factors associated with clinic non-arrival, (2) to evaluate the comparability of bus and car drive time estimates, and (3) to evaluate the combined effects of transportation accessibility and income on scheduled appointment non-arrival.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We queried electronic administrative records at an urban general pediatrics clinic. We compared patient and transportation characteristics between arrivals and non-arrivals for scheduled appointments using multivariable modeling.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were 15\u2009346 (29.8%) clinic non-arrivals. In separate car and bus multivariable models that controlled for patient and transit characteristics, we identified significant interactions between income and drive time, and clinic non-arrival. Patients in the lowest quartile of income who were also in the longest quartile of travel time by bus had an increased OR of clinic non-arrival compared with patients in the lowest quartile of income and shortest quartile of travel time by bus (1.55; P&lt;0.01). Similarly, patients in the lowest quartile of income who were also in the longest quartile of travel time by car had an increased OR of clinic non-arrival compared with patients in the lowest quartile of income and shortest quartile of travel time by car (1.21, respectively; P&lt;0.01).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinic non-arrival is associated with the interaction of longer travel time and lower income.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2017-007168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]],"date-time":"2017-11-24T12:20:50Z","timestamp":1511526050000},"page":"437-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Transportation characteristics associated with non-arrivals to paediatric clinic appointments: a retrospective analysis of 51 580 scheduled visits"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0314-1004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J","family":"Wallace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin N","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbye","family":"Degan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Kurland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek C","family":"Angus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Malinow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090414310847000_27.6.437.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1995.02170190103018"},{"key":"2025090414310847000_27.6.437.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.01.045"},{"key":"2025090414310847000_27.6.437.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang Z , Ashraf M , Gordish-Dressman H , et al . 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