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Lung transplantation has been undertaken. There is no guidance on selection criteria.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To guide transplantation listing assessments, the outcomes of the six patients who had been considered for transplantation were compared with a similarly hypoxaemic patient group recruited prospectively between 2005 and 2016 at the same UK institution.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Six patients had been formally considered for lung transplantation purely for PAVMs. One underwent a single lung transplantation for diffuse PAVMs and died within 4 weeks of surgery. The other five were not transplanted, in four cases at the patients\u2019 request. Their current survival ranges from 16 to 27 (median 21) years post-transplant assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Of 444 consecutive patients with PAVMs recruited between 2005 and 2016, 42 were similarly hypoxaemic to the \u2018transplant-considered\u2019 cohort (SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> &lt;86.5%). Hypoxaemic cohorts maintained arterial oxygen content (CaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) through secondary erythrocytosis and higher haemoglobin. The \u2018transplant-considered\u2019 cohort had similar CaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to the hypoxaemic comparator group, but higher Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scores (p=0.023), higher rates of cerebral abscesses (p=0.0043) and higher rates of venous thromboemboli (p=0.0009) that were evident before and after the decision to list for transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The non-transplanted patients demonstrated marked longevity. Symptoms and comorbidities were better predictors of health than oxygen measurements. While a case-by-case decision, weighing survival estimates and quality of life will help patients in their decision making, the data suggest a very strong case must be made before lung transplantation is considered.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2017-000198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,13]],"date-time":"2017-10-13T20:25:21Z","timestamp":1507926321000},"page":"e000198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Long-term outcomes of patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations considered for lung transplantation, compared with similarly hypoxaemic cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Claire L","family":"Shovlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NHLI Vascular Science, Imperial College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Respiratory Medicine, and VASCERN HHT European Reference Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Buscarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, and VASCERN HHT European Reference Centre, Maggiore Hospital, ASST Crema, Crema, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Michael B","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHLI Respiratory Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Allison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, and VASCERN HHT European Reference Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201407-1254CI"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-195010000-00002","article-title":"Pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysm","volume":"132","author":"Lindskog","year":"1950","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-5588(20)31002-3","article-title":"Pulmonary telangiectasia: report of a case proven by pulmonary biopsy","volume":"27","author":"Cooley","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Thoracic Surg"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(55)90580-8"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.5","first-page":"927","article-title":"Multiple small arteriovenous fistulae of the lungs","volume":"32","author":"Hales","year":"1956","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.6","first-page":"91","article-title":"An analysis of the pathologic anatomy of pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysms with particular reference to the applicability of local excision","volume":"45","author":"Bosher","year":"1959","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)66755-0"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)66398-9"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-196310000-00017"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.10","first-page":"76","article-title":"The circulatory effects of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas","volume":"59","author":"Waldhausen","year":"1966","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2025083110491037000_4.1.e000198.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porstmann W . 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