{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T07:34:09Z","timestamp":1778657649585,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Resp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dyspnoea has been defined as a \u2018subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity\u2019. However, the majority of available dyspnoea measures treat it as a single entity and rely on quantitative methodology. We propose that qualitative research can enhance our understanding of dyspnoea, in particular, how perception varies so much among patients with similar disease states. In this paper, we focus on how a specific type of inner attention\u2014mindfulness\u2014may alter perceptions of dyspnoea. The aim is to characterise mindfulness attention, which impacts on perceptions of dyspnoea and relate these to the multidimensional model of dyspnoea. We explore how an individual can change their perception and therefore relationship to similar disease states.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>22 patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were recruited from primary and secondary care to an 8-week course in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). 12 patients took part in an in-depth qualitative interview 2\u2009months after completing the MBCT course. Data were recorded, transcribed and then analysed using a framework approach, drawing on components of the multidimensional model of dyspnoea (multidimensional dyspnoea profile, MDP).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found that MBCT training involves developing three types of mindful attention (broad attention, informative attention and re-directive attention), which impact on perceptions of the sensory dimension of dyspnoea. MBCT appears to target affective and sensory perceptions articulated in the MDP model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>More research is needed into how mindfulness-based interventions may mediate the relationship between affective experience and the sensory perception of dyspnoea symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2018-000309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,23]],"date-time":"2018-06-23T07:45:10Z","timestamp":1529739910000},"page":"e000309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Understanding changes in dyspnoea perception in obstructive lung disease after mindfulness training"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Malpass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Academic Primary Care (CAPC), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gene","family":"Feder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Academic Primary Care (CAPC), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James W","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK"},{"name":"Academic Respiratory Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2015.10.013","article-title":"Mindfulness in people with a respiratory diagnosis: a\u00a0systematic review","volume":"99","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp17X690605"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.12.018","article-title":"Dyspnea and emotional states in health and disease","volume":"107","author":"Scano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.11.050"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.03.017"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732304265973"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.7","first-page":"A1456","article-title":"Mindfulness based stress reduction in severe COPD: pilot on feasibiity, effect on quality of life and qualitative analysis","volume":"183","author":"Benzo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.7748\/ns.29.34.53.e9671","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease part 2: non-pharmacological therapy","volume":"29","author":"Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nurs Stand"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972313497372"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S73864","article-title":"A pilot study: mindfulness meditation intervention in COPD","volume":"10","author":"Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2011-200253"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-014-0370-7","article-title":"MBCT for patients with respiratory conditions who experience anxiety and depression: a qualitative study","volume":"6","author":"Malpass","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mindfulness"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201111-2042ST"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.07.012"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-2916"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.06.033"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00038914"},{"key":"2025083112204721000_5.1.e000309.18","unstructured":"Crane R . 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