{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:09:24Z","timestamp":1793045364694,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704499200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007655","name":"\u010cesk\u00e9 Vysok\u00e9 U\u010den\u00ed Technick\u00e9 v Praze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SGS23\/197\/OHK5\/3T\/17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SGS23\/197\/OHK5\/3T\/17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007560","name":"Chiesi Farmaceutici","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Univerzita Karlova v Praze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00179906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00179906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019624","name":"Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00179906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00179906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019624","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Resp Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Inhaled corticosteroids have been widely reported as a preventive measure against the development of severe forms of COVID-19 not only in patients with asthma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 654 Czech and Slovak patients with asthma who developed COVID-19, we investigated whether the correct use of inhaler containing corticosteroids was associated with a less severe course of COVID-19 and whether this had an impact on the need for hospitalisation, measurable lung functions and quality of life (QoL).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of the studied cohort 51.4% had moderate persistent, 29.9% mild persistent and 7.2% severe persistent asthma. We found a significant adverse effect of poor inhaler adherence on COVID-19 severity (p=0.049). We also observed a lower hospitalisation rate in patients adequately taking the inhaler with OR of 0.83. Vital capacity and forced expiratory lung volume deterioration caused by COVID-19 were significantly reversed, by approximately twofold to threefold, in individuals who inhaled correctly.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Higher quality of inhalation technique of corticosteroids measured by adherence to an inhaled medication application technique (A-AppIT) score had a significant positive effect on reversal of the vital capacity and forced expiratory lung volume in 1 s worsening (p=0.027\u2009and p&lt;0.0001, respectively) due to COVID-19. Scoring higher in the A-AppIT was also associated with significantly improved QoL. All measured variables concordantly and without exception showed a positive improvement in response to better adherence. We suggest that corticosteroids provide protection against the worsening of lungs in patients with COVID-19 and that correct and easily assessable adherence to corticosteroids with appropriate inhalation technique play an important role in preventing severe form of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2023-001874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:50:55Z","timestamp":1704847855000},"page":"e001874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Adherence to application technique of inhaled corticosteroid in patients with asthma and COVID-19 improves outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1308-0877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ale\u0161","family":"Tichop\u00e1d","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Technology, Czech Technical 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Catholic University in Ruzomberok, Ruzomberok, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katar\u00edna","family":"Brecikov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEEOR spol. s.r.o, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Ryb\u00e1\u0159","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Technology, Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Kladno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Ro\u017e\u00e1nek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Technology, Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Kladno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vratislav","family":"Sedl\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, 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