{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T11:23:25Z","timestamp":1793877805942,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Resp Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acute exacerbation (AE) is a life-threatening condition taking place not only in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) but also in interstitial lung diseases (ILD) other than IPF (non-IPF ILD). This study aims to compare the clinical manifestations between patients hospitalised with AE-IPF and AE-non-IPF ILD, and further analyse the risk factors related to in-hospital mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical data of 406 patients hospitalised with AE-IPF (93 cases) and AE-non-IPF ILD (313 cases) were retrospectively collected. Clinical features were compared between the two groups. Risk factors related to in-hospital mortality in patients with overall AE-ILD, AE-IPF and AE-non-IPF ILD were identified by multiple logistic regression analyses, respectively, and assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In addition to having more smokers and males, the AE-IPF group also had more respiratory failure on admission, comorbidities of pulmonary hypertension (PAH) or coronary artery disease\/heart failure, a longer history of pre-existing ILD. Comorbidity of coronary heart disease\/heart failure, respiratory failure at admission, neutrophil (N)%, serum hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and low cholesterol levels were independent risk factors for patients with AE-ILD, while respiratory failure on admission, N%, serum HBDH, urea nitrogen, LDH and low albumin levels were risk factors for the AE-non-IPF ILD group, and fever, N% and PAH were the AE-IPF group\u2019s. Among them, HBDH 0.758 (sensitivity 85.5%, specificity 56%, cut-off 237.5\u2009U\/L) for patients with AE-ILD; N% 0.838 (sensitivity 62.5%, specificity 91.18%, cut-off 83.55%) for the AE-IPF group and HBDH 0.779 (sensitivity 86.4%, specificity 55.1%, cut-off 243.5\u2009U\/L) for the AE-non-IPF ILD group were the risk factors with the highest area under the curve.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical characteristics differ between patients with AE-IPF and AE-non-IPF ILD. HBDH outperformed LDH in predicting the prognosis for patients with AE-ILD and AE-non-IPF ILD. N% was an independent predictor of death in-hospital in all three groups, especially in the AE-IPF group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2023-001997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T13:15:43Z","timestamp":1709039743000},"page":"e001997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Clinical manifestations and prognostic factors analysis of patients hospitalised with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Cuirong","family":"Ba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical 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