{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T19:21:19Z","timestamp":1785439279543,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["HL094307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL094307"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["HL72067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL72067"]}]},{"name":"ResMed Foundation, CA, USA"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004103","name":"Landspitali University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004103","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Resp Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess respiratory symptoms and nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux (nGER) among untreated obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients, compared with the general population. Also, if nGER associates differently with respiratory symptoms among OSA patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>2 study cohorts were included: 822 newly diagnosed subjects with moderate\u2013severe OSA and 738 Icelandic general population study participants. All participants answered the same questionnaires. Those reporting nGER symptoms at least once per week were defined as \u2018with nGER\u2019; those without nGER symptoms and without nGER medication were defined as \u2018no nGER\u2019; and other participants were defined as having \u2018possible nGER\u2019. Propensity score-based weights were used to minimise confounding and selection bias and facilitate causal interpretations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of nGER among OSA patients was 14.1%, compared with 5.8% in the general population. This increased prevalence in OSA was not explained by differences in age, gender, body mass index, smoking, hypertension and diabetes (adjusted OR (95% CI)=3.79 (2.24 to 6.43)). OSA patients \u2018with nGER\u2019 and with \u2018possible nGER\u2019 reported more wheezing (44% and 44% vs 25%, respectively) and productive cough (47% and 42% vs 29%, respectively), compared with OSA patients with \u2018no nGER\u2019. The same pattern was seen in the general population, although with a generally lower prevalence. The effect of nGER on respiratory symptoms was similar between the two cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>nGER was more often reported among untreated moderate\u2013severe OSA patients than in the general population. Participants with nGER had more wheezing and productive cough, both among untreated OSA patients and in the general population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2023-002192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T23:45:20Z","timestamp":1711410320000},"page":"e002192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux and respiratory symptoms are increased in sleep apnoea: comparison with the general population"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7199-8491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6ssur Ingi","family":"Emilsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland School of Health Sciences, 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