{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:52:19Z","timestamp":1791399139585,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI19\/01152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI23\/00924"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI23\/00924"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Resp Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess whether lung ultrasound surface wave elastography (LUSWE), a non-invasive measure of lung stiffness, correlates with pulmonary function and high-resolution CT (HRCT) patterns in suspected interstitial lung disease (ILD). We hypothesised that LUSWE-derived lung stiffness would be associated with functional impairment and radiological ILD patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, single-centre pilot study conducted in a tertiary referral ILD unit in Barcelona, Spain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>68 consecutive patients (41 men and 27\u2009women) with suspected ILD were enrolled between June 2020 and February 2024 and completed LUSWE assessment at diagnosis under clinically stable conditions. Final diagnoses comprised sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema, fibrosing ILD, connective tissue disease-related ILD, other ILD and absence of pulmonary disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome was the association between LUSWE velocity and pulmonary function parameters, specifically forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO). Secondary outcomes included associations with HRCT radiological patterns, fibrosing vs non-fibrosing ILD, usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)\/probable UIP vs other HRCT patterns and quantitative HRCT-derived fibrosis extent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LUSWE velocity did not significantly correlate with FVC (r=0.23, 95%\u2009CI \u22120.01 to 0.45; p=0.07) or DLCO (r=0.13, 95%\u2009CI \u22120.12 to 0.36; p=0.31). No significant differences in LUSWE velocity were observed across HRCT patterns (Kruskal\u2013Wallis \u03c7\u00b2=1.2018; p=0.8778). Exploratory point-by-point analyses showed one significant association between the R2 point and FVC (r=0.33; p=0.0068), but this did not remain significant after correction for multiple comparisons (adjusted p=0.137). LUSWE distributions were similar between fibrosing and non-fibrosing ILD groups (3.35 (IQR 2.87\u20134.16)\u2009vs 3.55 (IQR 2.98\u20134.17) m\/s; p=0.526) and between UIP\/probable UIP and other HRCT patterns (3.36 (IQR 2.89\u20134.21)\u2009vs 3.59 (IQR 2.86\u20134.15) m\/s; p=0.876). Quantitative HRCT analyses also showed weak, non-significant correlations between hemithorax-level fibrosis extent and corresponding LUSWE values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this heterogeneous cohort of patients evaluated at diagnosis for suspected ILD, LUSWE was not meaningfully associated with pulmonary function impairment, HRCT patterns or quantitative fibrosis extent. Larger multicentre studies using standardised acquisition protocols and focused on well-defined fibrosing ILD populations with predominant subpleural involvement are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2025-003667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:15:11Z","timestamp":1791396911000},"page":"e003667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Use of lung ultrasound surface wave elastography in patients with interstitial lung disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1131-1917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuria","family":"Albacar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Respiratory Clinical Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olatz","family":"Saenz de Argando\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Radiology Department, Imaging Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Domenech-Ximenos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Radiology Department, Imaging Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judit","family":"Mestres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Radiology Department, Imaging Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Hernandez-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Respiratory Clinical Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Alsina-Restoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Respiratory Clinical Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estrella","family":"Caballeria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Respiratory Clinical Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariasol","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Carranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Respiratory Clinical Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Benegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Radiology Department, Imaging Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Radiology Department, Imaging Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Vollmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Radiology Department, Imaging Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Thoracic Radiology Department, Hospital Vall d\u2019Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6047-1670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacobo","family":"Sellar\u00e9s Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Respiratory Clinical Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100711150849000_13.1.e003667.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2020.3026536","article-title":"Ultrasound Elastography for Lung Disease Assessment","volume":"67","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control"},{"key":"2026100711150849000_13.1.e003667.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vargas-Urs\u00faa F , Ramos-Hern\u00e1ndez C , Pazos-Area LA , et al . 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